List Of Refrigerants

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This is a list of refrigerants, sorted by their ASHRAE-designated numbers, commonly known as R numbers. Many modern refrigerants are man-made halogenated gases, especially fluorinated gases and chlorinated gases, that are frequently referred to as Freon (a registered trademark of Chemours). The R number of a chemical refrigerant is assigned systematically according to molecular structure. First ASHRAE digit is the number of carbon atoms minus 1 (C-1); the second digit is the number of hydrogen atoms plus 1 (H+1); the third digit is the number of fluorine atoms; any remaining spaces are chlorine atoms. Eg.: R-22 aka R-022, which is chlorodifluoromethane. C=1 i.e. 1-1=0; H=1 i.e. 1+1=2; F=2 i.e 2; 1 remaining space 1=Cl. A "B" number means that one of the chlorine atoms is replaced by bromine (Br). This formula does not work with zeotropic or azeotropic blends.

The table is sortable by each of the following refrigerant properties (scroll right or reduce magnification to view more properties):

  • Type/prefix (see legends)
  • ASHRAE number
  • IUPAC chemical name
  • molecular formula
  • CAS registry number / blend name
  • Atmospheric lifetime in years
  • Semi-empirical ozone depletion potential
  • Net global warming potential over a 100-year time horizon
  • Occupational exposure limit/permissible exposure limit in parts per million (volume per volume) over a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration for a normal eight-hour work day and a 40-hour work week
  • ASHRAE 34 safety group in toxicity & flammability (in air @ 60 °C, 101.3 kPa) classing (see legends)
  • Refrigerant concentration limit / immediately dangerous to life or health in parts per million (volume per volume) and grams per cubic meter
  • Molecular mass in atomic mass units
  • Normal boiling point (or bubble & dew points for the zeotrope(400)-series), or normal boiling point and azeotropic temperature for the azeotrope(500)-series) at 101,325 Pa (1 atmosphere) in degrees Celsius
  • Critical temperature in degrees Celsius
  • Absolute critical pressure in kilopascals

Since over 100,000 refrigerant blends are possible,[1] this list should only have notable refrigerants and refrigerant blends.

List

T
y
p
e 		ASHRAE
number 		IUPAC chemical name Molecular
formula 		CAS no/
blend
name 		Atmospheric
lifetime
(years) 		Semi-
empirical
ODP 		Net
GWP
100-yr 		OEL/PEL
ppm (v/v) &
ASHRAE 34
safety group 		RCL/IDLH Molecular
mass
u 		Boiling, or
bubble/dew
/azeotropic
point(s) °C 		Critical
temp.
°C 		Critical
pressure,
absolute
kPa
ppm
(v/v) 		g/m3
PCC R-10 Carbon tetrachloride (Tetrachloromethane) CCl4 56-23-5 26[2][3] 0.73[3] 1,400[4] 100? B1[5] 153.8[6] 76.72[7] 283.35[8] 4,560[8]
CFC R-11 Trichlorofluoromethane CCl3F 75-69-4 45[2][3] 1.0[3] 4,660[9] 1,000[10] A1[10] 1,100[10] 6.2[10] 137.4[6] 23.77[7] 197.96[8] 4,408[8]
CFC R-12 Dichlorodifluoromethane CCl2F2 75-71-8 100[2][3] 1.0[3] 10,200[9] 1,000[10] A1[10] 18,000[10] 90[10] 120.9[6] −29.8[7] 111.97[8] 4,136[8]
H R-12B1 Bromochlorodifluoromethane CBrClF2 or CF2ClBr 353-59-3 16[2][3] 7.1[3] 1,750[4] 165.4[6] −3.7[7] 153.8[8] 4,102[8]
H R-12B2 Dibromodifluoromethane CBr2F2 75-61-6 2.9[3] 1.7[3] 209.8[6] 22.8[7] 198.11[8] 4,130[8]
CFC R-13 Chlorotrifluoromethane CClF3 75-72-9 640[2] 1[11] 13,900[9] 1,000[10] A1[10] 40,000? 200? 104.5[6] −81.5[7] 28.73[8] 3,877[8]
H R-13B1 Bromotrifluoromethane CBrF3 or CF3Br 75-63-8 65[2][3] 16[3] 6,290[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 148.9[6] −57.75[7] 67[8] 3,964[8]
PFC R-14 Tetrafluoromethane CF4 75-73-0 50,000[2] 0[12] 7,390[2] 1,000[10] A1[10] 110,000[10] 400[10] 88[6] −127.8[7] −45.64[8] 3,750[8]
HCC R-20 Chloroform (Trichloromethane) CHCl3 67-66-3 0.51[2] 31[2] 119.4[6] 61.2[7] 262.35[8] 5,480[8]
HCFC R-21 Dichlorofluoromethane CHFCl2 75-43-4 1.7[3] 0.04[13] 148[4] 100? B1[10] 102.9[6] 8.92[7] 178.45[8] 5,180[8]
HCFC R-22 Chlorodifluoromethane CHClF2 75-45-6 12.0[2][3] 0.055[3][14] 1,760[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 59,000[10] 210[10] 86.5[6] −40.7[7] 96.14[8] 4,990[8]
H R-22B1 Bromodifluoromethane CHBrF2 or CHF2Br 1511-62-2 5.8[3] 0.74[11] 404[3] 130.9[6] −14.6[7] 138.83[8] 5,132[8]
HFC R-23 Trifluoromethane (Fluoroform) CHF3 75-46-7 270[2] 0[12] 12,400[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 41,000[10] 120[10] 70[6] −82.1[7] 25.92[8] 4,836[8]
HCC R-30 Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) CH2Cl2 75-09-2 0.38[2] 0[15] 8.7[2] 100? B2[10] 84.9[6] 39.6[7] 235.15[8] 6,080[8]
HCFC R-31 Chlorofluoromethane CH2FCl 593-70-4 0.02[13] 350? B2? 10,000? 20? 68.5[6] −9.1[7] 151.76[8] 5,131[8]
HFC R-32[16] Difluoromethane CH2F2 75-10-5 4.9[2] 0[12] 677[4] 1,000[10] A2L[17] 36,000[10] 77[10] 52[6] −52[7][18] 78.11[8] 5,782[8]
HCC R-40 Chloromethane CH3Cl 74-87-3 1.0[2][3] 0.02[3] 13[2] 100? B2[10] 50.5[6] −24.2[7] 143.05[8] 6,660[8]
HFC R-41 Fluoromethane CH3F 593-53-3 2.4[2] 0[12] 116[4] 34[6] −78.2[7] 44.13[8] 5,897[8]
HC R-50 Methane CH4 74-82-8 12 ± 3[2] <0(smog)[19] 28[4] 1,000[10] A3[10] 9,000? 9? 16.04[6] −162±2[7] −82.3[20] 4,640[20]
PCC R-110 Hexachloroethane C2Cl6 67-72-1 236.7[6] 431.28[8] 3,937[8]
CFC R-111 Pentachlorofluoroethane C2FCl5 354-56-3 1[11] 220.3[6] 135[7]
CFC R-112 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2F2Cl4 76-12-0 1[11] 203.8[6]
CFC R-112a 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2F2Cl4 76-11-9 1[lower-alpha 1] 203.8[6]
CFC R-113 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane C2F3Cl3 76-13-1 85[2][3] 1.0[3] 5,820[9] 1,000[10] A1[10] 2,600[10] 20[10] 187.4[6] 48[18] 214.06[8] 3,392[8]
CFC R-113a 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane C2F3Cl3 354-58-5 1[lower-alpha 1] 187.4[6]
CFC R-114 1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane C2F4Cl2 76-14-2 300[2][3] 1.0[3] 8,590[9] 1,000[10] A1[10] 20,000[10] 140[10] 170.9[6] 3.5[7] 145.68[8] 3,257[8]
CFC R-114a 1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane C2F4Cl2 374-07-2 1[lower-alpha 1] 170.9[6]
H R-114B2 Dibromotetrafluoroethane C2F4Br2 or CF2BrCF2Br 124-73-2 20[2][3] 11.5[3] 1,470[4] 259.8[6] 47.3[7] 214.67[8]
CFC R-115 Chloropentafluoroethane C2F5Cl 76-15-3 1,700[2][3] 0.44[3] 7,670[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 120,000[10] 760[10] 154.5[6] −39.1[7] 79.95[8] 3,120[8]
PFC R-116 Hexafluoroethane C2F6 76-16-4 10,000[2] 0[12] 12,200[2] 1,000[10] A1[10] 97,000[10] 550[10] 138[6] −78.2[7] 19.88[8] 3,042[8]
HCC R-120 Pentachloroethane C2HCl5 76-01-7 202.3[6]
HCFC R-121 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1-fluoroethane C2HFCl4 354-14-3 0.01–0.04[13] 185.8[6]
HCFC R-121a 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2-fluoroethane C2HFCl4 354-11-0 0.01–0.04[lower-alpha 2] 185.8[6]
HCFC R-122 1,1,2-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-21-2 0.02–0.08[13] 169.4[6]
HCFC R-122a 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-15-4 0.02–0.08[lower-alpha 2] 169.4[6]
HCFC R-122b 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2HF2Cl3 354-12-1 0.02–0.08[lower-alpha 2] 169.4[6]
HCFC R-123 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 306-83-2 1.3[2][3] 0.02[3] 79[4] 50[10] B1[10] 9,100[10] 57[10] 152.9[6] 27.6[7] 183.68[8] 3,662[8]
HCFC R-123a 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 354-23-4 1.3?[lower-alpha 3] 0.02?[lower-alpha 2] 77?[lower-alpha 3] 152.9[6]
HCFC R-123b 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane C2HF3Cl2 812-04-4 1.3?[lower-alpha 3] 0.02?[lower-alpha 2] 77?[lower-alpha 3] 152.9[6]
HCFC R-124 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane C2HF4Cl 2837-89-0 5.8[2][3] 0.022[3] 527[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 10,000[10] 56[10] 136.5[6] −12[18] 122.28[8] 3,624[8]
HCFC R-124a 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane C2HF4Cl 354-25-6 5.8?[lower-alpha 3] 0.022?[lower-alpha 2] 609?[lower-alpha 3] 136.5[6]
HFC R-125 Pentafluoroethane C2HF5 354-33-6 29[2] 0[12] 3,170[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 75,000[10] 370[10] 120[6] −48.5[7] 66.18[8] 3,629[8]
HFC R-E125 Pentafluorodimethyl ether C2HF5O 3822-68-2 136[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 14,900[2] 136[6]
HCC R-130 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane C2H2Cl4 79-34-5 167.8[6] 146.5[7] 388.06[8] 5,840[8]
HCC R-130a 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane C2H2Cl4 630-20-6 167.8[6] 130.5[7]
HCFC R-131 1,1,2-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 359-28-4 0.007–0.05[13] 151.4[6]
HCFC R-131a 1,1,2-Trichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 811-95-0 0.007–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 151.4[6]
HCFC R-131b 1,1,1-Trichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H2FCl3 2366-36-1 0.007–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 151.4[6]
HCFC R-132 Dichlorodifluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 25915-78-0 0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 134.9[6]
HCFC R-132a 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 471-43-2 0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 134.9[6]
HCFC R-132b 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 1649-08-7 0.008–0.05[13] 134.9[6]
HCFC R-132c 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2H2F2Cl2 1842-05-3 0.008–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 134.9[6]
H R-132bB2 1,2-Dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane C2H2Br2F2 75-82-1 0.2–1.5[11] 223.8[6]
HCFC R-133 1-Chloro-1,2,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 431-07-2 0.02–0.06[lower-alpha 2] 118.5[6]
HCFC R-133a 1-Chloro-2,2,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 75-88-7 0.02–0.06[13] 118.5[6]
HCFC R-133b 1-Chloro-1,1,2-Trifluoroethane C2H2F3Cl 421-04-5 0.02–0.06[lower-alpha 2] 118.5[6]
HFC R-134 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane C2H2F4 359-35-3 9.6[2] 0[12] 1,120[4] 102[6]
HFC R-134a 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane C2H2F4 811-97-2 14[2] 0[12][15] 1,300[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 50,000[10] 210[10] 102[6] −26.3[7] 101.06[8] 4,059[8]
HFC R-E134 Bis(difluoromethyl)ether C2H2F4O 1691-17-4 26[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 6,320[2] 118[6]
HCC R-140 1,1,2-Trichloroethane C2H3Cl3 79-00-5 133.4[6] 112.5±2.5[7]
HCC R-140a 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) C2H3Cl3 or CH3CCl3 71-55-6 5.0[2][3] 0.12[3] 160[4] 133.4[6] 74[7]
HCFC R-141 1,2-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 430-57-9 9.3?[lower-alpha 3] 0.12?[lower-alpha 2] 725?[lower-alpha 3] 116.9[6]
H R-141B2 1,2-Dibromo-1-fluoroethane C2H3Br2F 358-97-4 0.1–1.7[11] 205.9[6]
HCFC R-141a 1,1-Dichloro-2-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 430-53-5 9.3?[lower-alpha 3] 0.12?[lower-alpha 2] 725?[lower-alpha 3] 116.9[6]
HCFC R-141b 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane C2H3FCl2 1717-00-6 9.3[2][3] 0.12[3] 725[2] 500[10] A2? 2,600[10] 12[10] 116.9[6] 32[7][18] 204.2[8] 4,250[8]
HCFC R-142a 1-Chloro-1,2-difluoroethane C2H3F2Cl 338-64-7 17.9?[lower-alpha 3] 0.07?[lower-alpha 2] 2,310?[lower-alpha 3] 100.5[6]
HCFC R-142b 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane C2H3F2Cl 75-68-3 17.9[2][3] 0.07[3] 2,310[2] 1,000[10] A2[10] 20,000[10] 83[10] 100.5[6] −10[7][18] 137.1[8] 4,123[8]
HFC R-143 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane C2H3F3 430-66-0 3.5[2] 0[12] 328[4] 84[6]
HFC R-143a 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane C2H3F3 420-46-2 52[2] 0[12] 4,800[4] 1,000[10] A2L[17] 21,000[10] 70[10] 84[6] −47.6[7] 72.89[8] 3,776[8]
HFC R-143m Methyl trifluoromethyl ether C2H3F3O 421-14-7 0[lower-alpha 4] 100[6]
HFC R-E143a 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl methyl ether C3H5F3O 460-43-5 4.3[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 756[2] 114.1[6]
HCC R-150 1,2-Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 107-06-2 99[6] 84[7] 292.83[8] 5,370[8]
HCC R-150a 1,1-Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 75-34-3 99[6] 57.2[7] 249.83[8] 5,070[8]
HCFC R-151 1-Chloro-2-fluoroethane C2H4ClF 762-50-5 82.5[6]
HCFC R-151a 1-Chloro-1-fluoroethane C2H4ClF 1615-75-4 82.5[6]
HFC R-152 1,2-Difluoroethane C2H4F2 624-72-6 0.60[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 16[4] 66[6]
HFC R-152a 1,1-Difluoroethane C2H4F2 75-37-6 1.4[2] 0[12][15] 138[4] 1,000[10] A2[10] 12,000[10] 32[10] 66[6] −25[7][18] 113.26[8] 4,517[8]
HCC R-160 Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) C2H5Cl 75-00-3 64.5[6] 12.3[7] 187.28[8] 5,268[8]
HFC R-161 Fluoroethane C2H5F 353-36-6 0.3[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 4[4] 48.1[6] 102.22[8] 4,702[8]
HC R-170 Ethane C2H6 or CH3CH3 74-84-0 58 days[21] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 5.5[2]–10.2[21] 1,000[10] A3[10] 7,000[10] 8.7[10] 30.07[6] −88.6[7][22] 32.18[8] 4,872[8]
HC R-E170 Dimethyl ether CH3OCH3 115-10-6 0.015[2] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 1[2] 1,000[10] A3[10] 8,500[10] 16[10] 46.1[6] −24[7]
CFC R-211 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-Heptachloro-3-fluoropropane C3FCl7 422-78-6 1[11] 303.2[6]
CFC R-212 Hexachlorodifluoropropane C3F2Cl6 76546-99-3 1[11] 286.7[6]
CFC R-213 1,1,1,3,3-Pentachloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3F3Cl5 2354-06-5 1[11] 270.3[6]
CFC R-214 1,2,2,3-Tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3F4Cl4 2268-46-4 1[11] 253.8[6]
CFC R-215 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3F5Cl3 4259-43-2 1[11] 237.4[6]
CFC R-216 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3F6Cl2 661-97-2 1[11] 220.9[6]
CFC R-216ca 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3F6Cl2 662-01-1 1[lower-alpha 1] 220.9[6]
CFC R-217 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane C3F7Cl 422-86-6 1[11] 204.5[6]
CFC R-217ba 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane C3F7Cl 76-18-6 1[lower-alpha 1] 204.5[6]
PFC R-218 Octafluoropropane C3F8 76-19-7 2,600[2] 0[12] 8,830[2] 1,000[10] A1[10] 90,000[10] 690[10] 188[6] −36.7[7]
HCFC R-221 1,1,1,2,2,3-Hexachloro-3-fluoropropane C3HFCl6 422-26-4 0.015–0.07[13] 268.7[6]
HCFC R-222 Pentachlorodifluoropropane C3HF2Cl5 134237-36-8 0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] 252.3[6]
HCFC R-222c 1,1,1,3,3-Pentachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3HF2Cl5 422-49-1 0.01–0.09[13] 252.3[6]
HCFC R-223 Tetrachlorotrifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 134237-37-9 0.01–0.08[lower-alpha 2] 235.8[6]
HCFC R-223ca 1,1,3,3-Tetrachloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 422-52-6 0.01–0.08[13] 235.8[6]
HCFC R-223cb 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3HF3Cl4 422-50-4 0.01–0.08[lower-alpha 2] 235.8[6]
HCFC R-224 Trichlorotetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 134237-38-0 0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] 219.4[6]
HCFC R-224ca 1,3,3-Trichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-54-8 0.01–0.09[13] 219.4[6]
HCFC R-224cb 1,1,3-Trichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-53-7 0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] 219.4[6]
HCFC R-224cc 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3HF4Cl3 422-51-5 0.01–0.09[lower-alpha 2] 219.4[6]
HCFC R-225 Dichloropentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 127564-92-5 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225aa 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 128903-21-9 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225ba 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-48-0 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225bb 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-44-6 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225ca 3,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 422-56-0 1.9[2][3] 0.02[3] 127[4] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225cb 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 507-55-1 5.8[2][3] 0.03[3] 525[4] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225cc 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 13474-88-9 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225da 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 431-86-7 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225ea 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 136013-79-1 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-225eb 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3HF5Cl2 111512-56-2 0.01–0.05[lower-alpha 2] 202.9[6]
HCFC R-226 Chlorohexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 134308-72-8 0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 186.5[6]
HCFC R-226ba 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 51346-64-6 0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 186.5[6]
HCFC R-226ca 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 422-57-1 0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 186.5[6]
HCFC R-226cb 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 422-55-9 0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 186.5[6]
HCFC R-226da 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 431-87-8 0.02–0.1[13] 186.5[6]
HCFC R-226ea 1-Chloro-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane C3HF6Cl 359-58-0 0.02–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 186.5[6]
HFC R-227ca 1,1,2,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane C3HF7 2252-84-8 0[lower-alpha 4] 170[6]
HFC R-227ca2 Trifluoromethyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3HF7O 2356-61-8 0[lower-alpha 4] 186[6]
HFC R-227ea 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane C3HF7 431-89-0 34.2[2] 0[12][15] 3,350[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 84,000[10] 580[10] 170[6] −16.4[7] 102.8[8] 2,980[8]
HFC R-227me Trifluoromethyl 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3HF7O 2356-62-9 11[3] 0[lower-alpha 4] 1,540[3] 186[6]
HCFC R-231 Pentachlorofluoropropane C3H2FCl5 134190-48-0 0.05–0.09[13] 234.3[6]
HCFC R-232 Tetrachlorodifluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 134237-39-1 0.008–0.1[13] 217.9[6]
HCFC R-232ca 1,1,3,3-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 1112-14-7 0.008–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 217.9[6]
HCFC R-232cb 1,1,1,3-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H2F2Cl4 677-54-3 0.008–0.1[lower-alpha 2] 217.9[6]
HCFC R-233 Trichlorotrifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 134237-40-4 0.007–0.23[13] 201.4[6]
HCFC R-233ca 1,1,3-Trichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 131221-36-8 0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] 201.4[6]
HCFC R-233cb 1,1,3-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 421-99-8 0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] 201.4[6]
HCFC R-233cc 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H2F3Cl3 131211-71-7 0.007–0.23[lower-alpha 2] 201.4[6]
HCFC R-234 Dichlorotetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 127564-83-4 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234aa 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 17705-30-5 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234ab 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-24-8 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234ba 1,2-Dichloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 425-94-5 0.01–0.28[13] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234bb 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-25-9 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234bc 1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 149329-26-0 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234ca 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 70341-81-0 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234cb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 4071-01-6 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234cc 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 422-00-5 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234cd 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 70192-63-1 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234da 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 146916-90-7 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234fa 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 76140-39-1 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-234fb 1,1-Dichloro-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H2F4Cl2 64712-27-2 0.01–0.28[lower-alpha 2] 184.9[6]
HCFC R-235 Chloropentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 134237-41-5 0.03–0.52[13] 168.5[6]
HCFC R-235ca 1-Chloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 28103-66-4 0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] 168.5[6]
HCFC R-235cb 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 422-02-6 0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] 168.5[6]
HCFC R-235cc 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 679-99-2 0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] 168.5[6]
HCFC R-235da 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 134251-06-2 0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] 168.5[6]
HCFC R-235fa 1-Chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane C3H2F5Cl 677-55-4 0.03–0.52[lower-alpha 2] 168.5[6]
HFC R-236cb 1,1,1,2,2,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 677-56-5 13.6[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 1,210[4] 152[6] −1.5
HFC R-236ea 1,1,1,2,3,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 431-63-0 10.7[2] 0[12] 1,330[4] 152[6] 139.29[8] 3,502[8]
HFC R-236fa 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 690-39-1 240[2] 0[12] 8,060[4] 1,000[10] A1[10] 55,000[10] 340[10] 152[6] −1.05±.35[7] 124.92[8] 3,200[8]
HFC R-236me 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether C3H2F6O 57041-67-5 5.8[3] 0[lower-alpha 4] 989[3] 168[6]
HFC R-FE-36 Hexafluoropropane C3H2F6 359-58-0 0[lower-alpha 4] 152[6]
HCFC R-241 Tetrachlorofluoropropane C3H3FCl4 134190-49-1 0.004–0.09[13] 199.9[6]
HCFC R-242 Trichlorodifluoropropane C3H3F2Cl3 134237-42-6 0.005–0.13[13] 183.4[6]
HCFC R-243 Dichlorotrifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 134237-43-7 0.007–0.12[13] 167[6]
HCFC R-243ca 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 67406-68-2 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-243cb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 70192-70-0 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-243cc 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 7125-99-7 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-243da 2,3-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 338-75-0 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-243ea 1,3-Dichloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 151771-08-3 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-243ec 1,3-Dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H3F3Cl2 149329-27-1 0.007–0.12[lower-alpha 2] 167[6]
HCFC R-244 Chlorotetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 134190-50-4 0.009–0.14[13] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244ba 2-Chloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244bb 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 421-73-8 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244ca 3-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 679-85-6 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244cb 1-Chloro-1,2,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 67406-66-0 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244cc 1-Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 421-75-0 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244da 2-Chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 19041-02-2 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244db 2-Chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 117970-90-8 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244ea 3-Chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244eb 3-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244ec 1-Chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244fa 3-Chloro-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HCFC R-244fb 1-Chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane C3H3F4Cl 2730-64-5 0.009–0.14[lower-alpha 2] 150.5[6]
HFC R-245ca 1,1,2,2,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 679-86-7 6.2[2] 0[12] 716[4] 134[6] 174.42[8] 3,925[8]
HFC R-245cb Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 1814-88-6 0[lower-alpha 4] 134[6]
HFC R-245ea 1,1,2,3,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 24270-66-4 0[lower-alpha 4] 134[6]
HFC R-245eb 1,1,1,2,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 431-31-2 0[lower-alpha 4] 134[6]
HFC R-245fa 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane C3H3F5 460-73-1 7.6[2] 0[12][15] 858[4] 300[10] B1[10] 34,000[10] 190[10] 134[6] 15[18] 154.05[8] 3,640[8]
HFC R-245mc Methyl pentafluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 22410-44-2 0[lower-alpha 4] 150[6]
HFC R-245mf Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 1885-48-9 2.2[3] 0[lower-alpha 4] 286[3] 150[6]
HFC R-245qc Difluoromethyl 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl ether C3H3F5O 69948-24-9 0[lower-alpha 4] 150[6]
HCFC R-251 Trichlorofluoropropane C3H4FCl3 134190-51-5 0.001–0.01[13] 165.4[6]
HCFC R-252 Dichlorodifluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 134190-52-6 0.005–0.04[13] 149[6]
HCFC R-252ca 1,3-Dichloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 1112-36-3 0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] 149[6]
HCFC R-252cb 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 1112-01-2 0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] 149[6]
HCFC R-252dc 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] 149[6]
HCFC R-252ec 1,1-Dichloro-1,2-difluoropropane C3H4F2Cl2 0.005–0.04[lower-alpha 2] 149[6]
HCFC R-253 Chlorotrifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 134237-44-8 0.003–0.03[13] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253ba 2-Chloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253bb 2-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253ca 1-Chloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 56758-54-4 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253cb 1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 70192-76-6 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253ea 3-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253eb 1-Chloro-1,2,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253ec 1-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253fa 3-Chloro-1,3,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253fb 3-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 460-35-5 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HCFC R-253fc 1-Chloro-1,1,3-trifluoropropane C3H4F3Cl 0.003–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 132.5[6]
HFC R-254cb 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoropropane C3H4F4 40723-63-5 0[lower-alpha 4] 116.1[6]
HFC R-254pc Methyl 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether C3H4F4O 425-88-7 2.6[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 359[2] 132.1[6]
HCFC R-261 Dichlorofluoropropane C3H5FCl2 134237-45-9 0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] 131[6]
HCFC R-261ba 1,2-Dichloro-2-fluoropropane C3H5FCl2 420-97-3 0.002–0.02[13] 131[6]
HCFC R-262 Chlorodifluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 134190-53-7 0.002–0.02[13] 114.5[6]
HCFC R-262ca 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 420-99-5 0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] 114.5[6]
HCFC R-262fa 3-Chloro-1,1-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] 114.5[6]
HCFC R-262fb 1-Chloro-1,3-difluoropropane C3H5F2Cl 0.002–0.02[lower-alpha 2] 114.5[6]
HFC R-263 Trifluoropropane C3H5F3 0[lower-alpha 4] 98.1[6]
HCFC R-271 Chlorofluoropropane C3H6FCl 134190-54-8 0.001–0.03[13] 96.5[6]
HCFC R-271b 2-Chloro-2-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 420-44-0 0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 96.5[6]
HCFC R-271d 2-Chloro-1-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 96.5[6]
HCFC R-271fb 1-Chloro-1-fluoropropane C3H6FCl 0.001–0.03[lower-alpha 2] 96.5[6]
HFC R-272 Difluoropropane C3H6F2 0[lower-alpha 4] 80.1[6]
HFC R-281 Fluoropropane C3H7F 0[lower-alpha 4] 62.1[6]
HC R-290 Propane C3H8 or CH3CH2CH3 74-98-6 13 days[21] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 3.3[2]–9.5[21] 1,000[10] A3[10] 5,300[10] 9.5[10] 44.1[6] −42.1±.2[7] 96.7[8] 4,248[8]
CFC R-C316 Dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane C4Cl2F6 356-18-3 74.6 ± 3(E),114.1 ± 10 (Z)[23] 0.40(E), 0.49(Z)[23] 4,160(E), 5,400(Z)[23] 232.9[6]
CFC R-C317 Chloroheptafluorocyclobutane C4ClF7 377-41-3 216.5[6]
PFC R-C318 Octafluorocyclobutane (Perfluorocyclobutane) C4F8 or -(CF2)4- 115-25-3 3,200[2] 0[12] 10,300[2] 1,000[10] A1[10] 69,000[10] 570[10] 200[6] −6[7][18] 115.23[8] 2,777[8]
PFC R-3-1-10 Decafluorobutane (Perfluorobutane) C4F10 355-25-9 2,600[2] 0[12] 8,860[2] 238[6] −1.7[7]
HFC R-329ccb 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Nonafluorobutane C4HF9 375-17-7 0[lower-alpha 4] 220[6]
HFC R-338eea 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,4-Octafluorobutane C4H2F8 75995-72-1 0[lower-alpha 4] 202[6]
HFC R-347ccd 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-Heptafluorobutane C4H3F7 662-00-0 0[lower-alpha 4] 184.1[6]
HFC R-347mcc Perfluoropropyl methyl ether C4H3F7O 375-03-1 5.2[2] 0[lower-alpha 4] 575[2] 200.1[6]
HFC R-347mmy Perfluoroisopropyl methyl ether C4H3F7O 22052-84-2 3.4[3] 0[lower-alpha 4] 343[3] 200.1[6]
HFC R-365mfc 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane C4H5F5 406-58-6 8.6[2] 0[12][15] 804[2] 148.1[6]
PFC R-4-1-12 Dodecafluoropentane (Perfluoropentane) C5F12 678-26-2 4,100[2] 0[12] 9,160[2] 288[6]
PFC R-5-1-14 Tetradecafluorohexane (Perfluorohexane) C6F14 355-42-0 3,200[2] 0[12] 9,300[2] 338[6] 56[7]
CFC R-400 R-12/114(50/50 wt%) OR
(60/40)(must be specified)		 50% CCl2F2 · 50% C2F4Cl2 OR
60% CCl2F2 · 40% C2F4Cl2		 200[note 1] OR
180[note 1]		 1.0[note 2] 10,450[note 1]
10,540[note 1]		 1,000[10] A1[10]
1,000[10] A1[10]		 28,000[10]
30,000[10]		 160[10]
170[10]		 141.6[6]
136.9[6]
HCFC R-401A R-22/152a/124 (53±2/13+.5,-1.5/34±1) 53±2% CHClF2 · 13+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2 · 34±1% C2HF4Cl MP-39[8][25] 8.514[note 1] 0.03398[note 2] 1,182[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 27,000[10] 110[10] 94.4[6] −34.4/−28.8[18] 105.27[8] 4,613[8]
HCFC R-401B R-22/152a/124 (61±2/11+.5,-1.5/28±1) 61±2% CHClF2 · 11+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2 · 28±1% C2HF4Cl MP-66[8][25] 9.098[note 1] 0.03666[note 2] 1,288[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 30,000[10] 120[10] 92.8[6] −35.7/−30.8[18] 103.54[8] 4,682[8]
HCFC R-401C R-22/152a/124 (33±2/15+.5,-1.5/52±1) 33±2% CHClF2 · 15+.5,-1.5% C2H4F2 · 52±1% C2HF4Cl MP-52[25] 7.186[note 1] 0.02794[note 2] 933[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 20,000[10] 84[10] 101[6] −30.5/−23.8[18]
HCFC R-402A R-125/290/22 (60±2/2±1/38±2) 60±2% C2HF5 · 2±1% C3H8 · 38±2%  CHClF2 HP-80[8][25] 22.2?[note 1] 0.019[note 2] 2,788[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 33,000[10] 140[10] 101.5[6] −49.2/−47.0[18] 76.03[8] 4,234[8]
HCFC R-402B R-125/290/22 (38±2/2±1/60±2) 38±2% C2HF5 · 2±1% C3H8 · 60±2% CHClF2 HP-81[8][25] 18.46?[note 1] 0.03[note 2] 2,416[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 63,000[10] 240[10] 94.7[6] −47.2/−44.9[18] 83.03[8] 4,525[8]
HCFC R-403A R-290/22/218 (5+.2,-2/75±2/20±0) 5+.2,-2% C3H8 · 75±2% CHClF2 · 20±0% C3F8 ISCEON 69-S[8] 529.6?[note 1] 0.0375[note 2] 3,124[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[26] 33,000[10] 120[10] 92[6] −44.0/−42.3[18] 91.22[8] 4,688[8]
HCFC R-403B R-290/22/218 (5+.2,-2/56±2/39±0) 5+.2,-2% C3H8 · 56±2% CHClF2 · 39±0% C3F8 ISCEON 69-L[8] 1,021.32?[note 1] 0.028[note 2] 4,457[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 70,000[10] 290[10] 103.3[6] −43.8/−42.3[18] 88.72[8] 4,399[8]
HFC R-404A R-125/143a/134a (44±2/52±1/4±2) 44±2% C2HF5 · 52±1% C2H3F3 · 4±2% C2H2F4 HP-62,[8][25] FX-70[8][25] 40.36[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,922[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 130,000[10] 500[10] 97.6[6] −46.6/−45.8[18] 72.14[8] 3,735[8]
HCFC R-405A R-22/152a/142b/C318 (45±0/7±1/5.5±1/42.5±2) 45±0% CHClF2 · 7±1% C2H4F2 · 5.5±1% C2H3F2Cl · 42.5±2% C4F8 GREENCOOL G2015[8] 1,366.4825[note 1] 0.02635[note 2] 5,328[note 1] 1,000[10] A1? 57,000[10] 260[10] 111.9[6] −32.9/−24.5[18] 106[8] 4,289[8]
HCFC R-406A R-22/600a/142b (55±2/4±1/41±0) 55±2% CHClF2 · 4±1% C4H10 · 41±0% C2H3F2Cl GHG[8][25] 14.419?[note 1] 0.0562[note 2] 1,943[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 21,000[10] 25[10] 89.9[6] −32.7/−23.5[18] 116.5[8] 4,881[8]
HCFC R-406B R-22/600a/142b (65±2/4±1/31±0) 65±2% CHClF2 · 4±1% C4H10 · 31±0% C2H3F2Cl GHG-HP[8] 13.829?[note 1] 0.0542[note 2] 1,893[note 1] 1,000? A2? 21,000? 25? 88.6[6]
HFC R-407A R-32/125/134a (20±2/40±2/40±2) 20±2% CH2F2 · 40±2% C2HF5 · 40±2% C2H2F4 Klea 60[8][25] 18.18[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,107[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 83,000[27] 300[27] 90.1[6] −45.2/−38.7[18] 81.91[8] 4,487[8]
HFC R-407B R-32/125/134a (10±2/70±2/20±2) 10±2% CH2F2 · 70±2% C2HF5 · 20±2% C2H2F4 Klea 61[8] 23.59[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,804[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 79,000[27] 330[27] 102.9[6] −46.8/−42.4[18] 74.38[8] 4,083[8]
HFC R-407C R-32/125/134a (23±2/25±2/52±2) 23±2% CH2F2 · 25±2% C2HF5 · 52±2% C2H2F4 Klea 66,[8] AC9000[25] 15.657[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,774[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 81,000[27] 290[27] 86.2[6] −43.8/−36.7[18] 86.05[8] 4,634[8]
HFC R-407D R-32/125/134a (15±2/15±2/70±2) 15±2% CH2F2 · 15±2% C2HF5 · 70±2% C2H2F4 14.885[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,627[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 68,000[27] 250[27] 91[6] −39.4/−32.7[18] 91.57[8] 4,483[8]
HFC R-407E R-32/125/134a (25±2/15±2/60±2) 25±2% CH2F2 · 15±2% C2HF5 · 60±2% C2H2F4 13.975[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,552[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 80,000[27] 280[27] 83.8[6] −42.8/−35.6[18] 88.77[8] 4,734[8]
HFC R-407F R-32/125/134a (30±2/30±2/40±2) 30±2% CH2F2 · 30±2% C2HF5 · 40±2% C2H2F4 Genetron Performax LT[25] 15.77[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,825[note 1] 1,000[28] A1[28] 95,000[27] 320[27] 82.1[6] −46.1/−39.7[28]
HCFC R-408A R-125/143a/22 (7±2/46±1/47±2) 7±2% C2HF5 · 46±1% C2H3F3 · 47±2% CHClF2 FX-10[8][25] 31.59[note 1] 0.0235[note 2] 3,152[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 95,000[10] 340[10] 87[6] −45.5/−45.0[18] 83.5[8] 4,340[8]
HCFC R-409A R-22/124/142b (60±2/25±2/15±1) 60±2% CHClF2 · 25±2% C2HF4Cl · 15±1% C2H3F2Cl FX-56[8][25] 11.335[note 1] 0.046[note 2] 1,585[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 29,000[10] 110[10] 97.4[6] −35.4/−27.5[18] 106.92[8] 4,600[8]
HCFC R-409B R-22/124/142b (65±2/25±2/10±1) 65±2% CHClF2 · 25±2% C2HF4Cl · 10±1% C2H3F2Cl FX-57[8] 11.04[note 1] 0.045[note 2] 1,560[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 30,000[10] 120[10] 96.7[6] −36.5/−29.7[18] 104.36[8] 4,711[8]
HFC R-410A R-32/125 (50+.5,–1.5/50+1.5,–.5) 50+.5,–1.5% CH2F2 · 50+1.5,–.5% CHF2CF3[29] AZ-20,[8] Puron,[8] Suva 9100[8] 16.95[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,088[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 140,000[27] 420[27] 72.6[6] −51.6/−51.5[18] 70.17[8] 4,770[8]
HFC R-410B R-32/125 (45±1/55±1) 45±1% CH2F2 · 55±1% CHF2CF3[29] AC9100[25] 18.155[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,229[note 1] 1,000? A1[10] 140,000[27] 430[27] 75.6[6] −51.5/−51.4[18]
HCFO R-411A R-1270/22/152a (1.5+0,–1/87.5+2,–0/11+0,–1) 1.5+0,–1% C3H6 · 87.5+2,–0% CHClF2 · 11+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018a[8] 10.834[note 1] 0.04375[note 2] 1,597[note 1] 990[10] A2[10] 14,000[10] 46[10] 82.4[6] −39.7/−37.2[18] 99.06[8] 4,954[8]
HCFO R-411B R-1270/22/152a (3+0,–1/94+2,–0/3+0,–1) 3+0,–1% C3H6 · 94+2,–0% CHClF2 · 3+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018b[8] 11.682[note 1] 0.047[note 2] 1,705[note 1] 980[10] A2[10] 13,000[10] 45[10] 83.1[6] −41.6/−41.3[18] 95.95[8] 4,947[8]
HCFO R-411C R-1270/22/152a (3+0,–1/95.5+2,–0/1.5+0,–1) 3+0,–1% C3H6 · 95.5+2,–0% CHClF2 · 1.5+0,–1% C2H4F2 GREENCOOL G2018c[8] 11.841[note 1] 0.04775[note 2] 1,730[note 1] 970? A2? 12,000? 44? 83.4[6] 95.5[8] 4,950[8]
HCFC R-412A R-22/218/142b (70±2/5±2/25±1) 70±2% CHClF2 · 5±2% C3F8 · 25±1% C2H3F2Cl Arcton TP5R[8] 142.875[note 1] 0.0525[note 2] 2,286[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 22,000[10] 82[10] 92.2[6] −36.4/−28.8[18] 107.5[8] 4,881[8]
HFC R-413A R-218/134a/600a (9±1/88±2/3+0,–1) 9±1% C3F8 · 88±2% C2H2F4 · 3+0,–1% C4H10 ISCEON 49[8] 246.68?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,053[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 22,000[10] 94[10] 104[6] −29.3/−27.6[18] 101.39[8] 4,240[8]
HCFC R-414A R-22/124/600a/142b (51±2/28.5±2/4±.5/16.5+.5,–1) 51±2% CHClF2 · 28.5±2% C2HF4Cl · 4±.5% C4H10 · 16.5+.5,–1% C2H3F2Cl GHG-X4,[8] Autofrost,[8] Chill-It[8] 11.2065?[note 1] 0.04332[note 2] 1,478[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 26,000[10] 100[10] 96.9[6] −34.0/−25.8[18] 110.72[8] 4,702[8]
HCFC R-414B R-22/124/600a/142b (50±2/39±2/1.5±.5/9.5+.5,–1) 50±2% CHClF2 · 39±2% C2HF4Cl · 1.5±.5% C4H10 · 9.5+.5,–1% C2H3F2Cl Hot Shot,[8][25] Kar Kool[8] 10.1425?[note 1] 0.04023[note 2] 1,362[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 23,000[10] 95[10] 101.5[6] −34.4/−26.1[18] 108[8] 4,592[8]
HCFC R-415A R-22/152a (82±1/18±1) 82±1% CHClF2 · 18±1% C2H4F2 10.092[note 1] 0.041[note 2] 1,507[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 57,000[10] 190[10] 81.9[6] −37.5/−34.7[18]
HCFC R-415B R-22/152a (25±1/75±1) 25±1% CHClF2 · 75±1% C2H4F2 4.05[note 1] 0.0125[note 2] 546[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 52,000[10] 120[10] 70.2[6] −23.4/−21.8[18]
HCFC R-416A R-134a/124/600 (59+.5,–1/39.5+1,–.5/1.5+1,–.2) 59+.5,-1% C2H2F4 · 39.5+1,–.5% C2HF4Cl · 1.5+1,–.2% C4H10 FRIGC (FR-12)[8] 10.731?[note 1] 0.00869[note 2] 1,084[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 14,000[10] 62[10] 111.9[6] −38.0/−32.9[18] 108.22[8] 4,020[8]
HFC R-417A R-125/134a/600 (46.6±1.1/50±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 46.6±1.1% C2HF5 · 50±1% C2H2F4 · 3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON 59,[8] NU-22[8] 20.922?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,346[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 13,000[10] 56[10] 106.7[6] −41.2/−40.1[18] 89.89[8] 4,102[8]
HFC R-417B R-125/134a/600 (79±1/18.3±1/2.7+.1,–.5) 79±1% C2HF5 · 18.3±1% C2H2F4 · 2.7+.1,–.5% C4H10 25.796?[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,027[note 1] 1,000[28] A1[28] 15,000[28] 70[28] 113.1[6] −44.9/−41.5[28]
HCFC R-418A R-290/22/152a (1.5±.5/96±1/2.5±.5) 1.5±.5% C3H8 · 96±1% CHClF2 · 2.5±.5% C2H4F2 11.735?[note 1] 0.048[note 2] 1,741[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 59,000[10] 200[10] 84.6[6] −42.6/−36.0[18]
HFC R-419A R-125/134a/E170 (77±1/19±1/4±1) 77±1% C2HF5 · 19±1% C2H2F4 · 4±1% C2H6O 24.9906[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,967[note 1] 1,000[10] A2[10] 70,000[10] 310[10] 109.3[6] −25.0/−24.2[18]
HCFC R-420A R-134a/142b (88+1,–0/12+0,–1) 88+1,–0% C2H2F4 · 12+0,–1% C2H3F2Cl Choice Refrigerant[25] 14.468[note 1] 0.0084[note 2] 1,548[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 45,000[10] 190[10] 101.8[6] −34.4/−28.8[18]
HFC R-421A R-125/134a (58±1/42±1) 58±1% C2HF5 · 42±1% C2H2F4 Choice R421A[25] 22.7[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,631[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 61,000[10] 280[10] 111.7[6]
HFC R-421B R-125/134a (85±1/15±1) 85±1% C2HF5 · 15±1% C2H2F4 Choice 421B[25] 26.75[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,190[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 69,000[10] 330[10] 116.9[6]
HFC R-422A R-125/134a/600a (85.1±1/11.5±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 85.1±1% C2HF5 · 11.5±1% C2H2F4 · 3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON 79[25] 26.697?[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,143[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 63,000[10] 290[10] 113.6[6]
HFC R-422B R-125/134a/600a (55±1/42±1/3+.1,–.5) 55±1% C2HF5 · 42±1% C2H2F4 · 3+.1,–.5% C4H10 ICOR XAC1[25] 22.19?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,526[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 56,000[10] 250[10] 108.5[6]
HFC R-422C R-125/134a/600a (82±1/15±1/3+.1,–.5) 82±1% C2HF5 · 15±1% C2H2F4 · 3+.1,–.5% C4H10 ICOR XLT1[25] 26.24?[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,085[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 62,000[10] 290[10] 113.4[6]
HFC R-422D R-125/134a/600a (65.1+.9,–1.1/31.5±1/3.4+.1,–.4) 65.1+.9,–1.1% C2HF5 · 31.5±1% C2H2F4 · 3.4+.1,–.4% C4H10 ISCEON MO29[25] 23.697?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,729[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 58,000[10] 260[10] 109.9[6]
HFC R-423A R-134a/227ea (52.5±1/47.5±1) 52.5±1% C2H2F4 · 47.5±1% C3HF7 23.595[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,280[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 59,000[10] 310[10] 126[6]
HFC R-424A R-125/134a/600a/600/601a (50.5±1/47±1/.9+.1,–.2/1+.1,+.2/.6+.1,–.2) 50.5±1% C2HF5 · 47±1% C2H2F4 · 1.9+.3,–.1% C4H10 · .6+.1,–.2% C5H12 RS-44 (new comp.)[25] 21.525?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,440?[note 1] 970[10] A1[10] 23,000[10] 100[10] 108.4[6]
HFC R-425A R-32/134a/227ea (18.5±.5/69.5±.5/12±.5) 18.5±.5% CH2F2 · 69.5±.5% C2H2F4 · 12±.5% C3HF7 14.7405[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,505[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 72,000[27] 260[27] 90.3[6]
HFC R-426A R-125/134a/600/601a (5.1±1/93±1/1.3+.1,–.2/.6+.1,–.2) 5.1±1% C2HF5 · 93±1% C2H2F4 · 1.3+.1,–.2% C4H10 · .6+.1,–.2% C5H12 RS-24 (new comp.)[25] 14.727?[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,508?[note 1] 990[10] A1[10] 20,000[10] 83[10] 101.6[6]
HFC R-427A R-32/125/143a/134a (15±2/25±2/10±2/50±2) 15±2% CH2F2 · 25±2% C2HF5 · 10±2% C2H3F3 · 50±2% C2H2F4 Forane 427A[25] 20.185[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,138[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 79,000[27] 290[27] 90.4[6]
HFC R-428A R-125/143a/290/600a (77.5±1/20±1/.6+.1,–.2/1.9+.1,–.2) 77.5±1% C2HF5 · 20±1% C2H3F3 · .6+.1,–.2% C3H8 · 1.9+.1,–.2% C4H10 RS-52[25] 33.175?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 3,607[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 83,000[30] 370[30] 107.5[6]
HFC R-429A R-E170/152a/600a (60±1/10±1/30±1) 60±1% C2H6O · 10±1% C2H4F2 · 30±1% C4H10 3.749?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 13.9[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 6,300[10] 13[10] 50.8[6]
HFC R-430A R-152a/600a (76±1/24±1) 76±1% C2H4F2 · 24±1% C4H10 3.944?[note 1] 0[note 2] 95[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 8,000[10] 21[10] 64[6]
HFC R-431A R-290/152a (71±1/29±1) 71±1% C3H8 · 29±1% C2H4F2 8.926?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 38.3[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 5,500[10] 11[10] 48.8[6]
HO R-432A R-1270/E170 (80±1/20±1) 80±1% C3H6 · 20±1% C2H6O 9.603?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 1.64[note 1] 710[10] A3[10] 1,200[10] 2.1[10] 42.8[6]
HO R-433A R-1270/290 (30±1/70±1) 30±1% C3H6 · 70±1% C3H8 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 2.85[note 1] 880[10] A3[10] 3,100[10] 5.5[10] 43.5[6] −44.6/−44.2?
HO R-433B R-1270/290 (5±1/95±1) 5±1% C3H6 · 95±1% C3H8 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 3.23[note 1] 950[31] A3[31] 4,500[31] 8.1[31] 44[6] −42.7/−42.5[31]
HO R-433C R-1270/290 (25±1/75±1) 25±1% C3H6 · 75±1% C3H8 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 2.93[note 1] 790[31] A3[31] 3,600[31] 6.6[31] 43.6[6] −44.3/−43.9[31]
HFC R-434A R-125/143a/134a/600a (63.2±1/18±1/16±1/2.8+.1,–.2) 63.2±1% C2HF5 · 18±1% C2H3F3 · 16±1% C2H2F4 · 2.8+.1,–.2% C4H10 RS-45[25] 30.264?[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,245[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 73,000[10] 320[10] 105.7[6] −45.0/−42.3[32]
HFC R-435A R-E170/152a (80±1/20±1) 80±1% C2H6O · 20±1% C2H4F2 0.292[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 25.6[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 8,500[10] 17[10] 49[6] −26.1/−25.9[10]
HC R-436A R-290/600a (56±1/44±1) 56±1% C3H8 · 44±1% C4H10 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] <0(smog)[note 2] 3.17[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 4,000[10] 8[10] 49.3[6] −34.3/−26.2[10]
HC R-436B R-290/600a (52±1/48±1) 52±1% C3H8 · 48±1% C4H10 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] <0(smog)[note 2] 3.16[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 4,000[10] 8[10] 49.9[6] −33.4/−25.0[10]
HFC R-437A R-125/134a/600/601 (19.5+.5,–1.8/78.5+1.5,–.7/1.4+.1,–.2/.6+.1,–.2) 19.5+.5,–1.8% C2HF5 · 78.5+1.5,–.7% C2H2F4 · 1.4+.1,–.2% C4H10 · .6+.1,–.2% C5H12 16.885?[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,805?[note 1] 990[10] A1[10] 19,000[10] 81[10] 103.7[6] −32.9/−29.2[10]
HFC R-438A R-32/125/134a/600/601a (8.5+.5,-1.5/45±1.5/44.2±1.5/1.7+.1,-.2/.6+.1,-.2) 8.5+.5,-1.5% CH2F2 · 45±1.5% C2HF5 · 44.2±1.5% C2H2F4 · 1.7+.1,-.2% C4H10 · .6+.1,-.2% C5H12 KDD5,[25] ISCEON MO99[25] 19.9305?[note 1] 0[note 2] 2,265?[note 1] 990[26] A1[26] 20,000[27] 79[27] 99.1[6] −43.0/−36.4[26]
HFC R-439A R-32/125/600a (50±1/47±1/3±.5) 50±1% CH2F2 · 47±1% C2HF5 · 3±.5% C4H10 16.44?[note 1] 0[note 2] 1,983[note 1] 990[17] A2[17] 26,000[17] 76[17] 71.2[6] −52.0/−51.8[17]
HFC R-440A R-290/134a/152a (.6±.1/1.6±.6/97.8±.5) .6±.1% C3H8 · 1.6±.6% C2H2F4 · 97.8±.5% C2H4F2 1.6652?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 144[note 1] 1,000[17] A2[17] 12,000[17] 31[17] 66.2[6] −25.5/−24.3[17]
HC R-441A R-170/290/600a/600 (3.1±.3/54.8±2/6±.6/36.1±2) 3.1±.3% C2H6 · 54.8±2% C3H8 · 42.1±2.6% C4H10 HCR-188C[25] 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] <0(smog)[note 2] 3.6[note 1] 1,000[17] A3[17] 3,200[17] 6.3[17] 48.3[6] −41.9/−20.4[17]
HFC /

HFO[33]

R-448A R-32/125/134a/1234ze/1234yf

(26%/26%/21%/7%/20%)[33]

26% CH2F2  ·
26% C2HF5  ·
21% C2H2F4  ·

7% C3H2F4  ·
20% C3H2F4[33]

Solistice N-40[33] 0[33] 1273[33] A1[33] 189.9[33] −45.9[34] 83.7[33] 46.6[33]
HFO R-449A R-32/R-125/134a/1234yf
(24.3%/24.7%/25.7%/25.3%) 		24.3% CH2F2  ·
24.7% C2HF5  ·
25.7% C2H2F4  ·
25.3% C3H2F4 		Forane 449a[35] 0 1,282[35] A1[35] 87.2[35] −45.9[35] 81.5[35]
HFO R-452B R-32/R-125/1234yf
(67.0%/7.0%/26.0%) 		67.0% CH2F2  ·
7.0% C2HF5  ·
26.0% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL55,[36] Solstice L41y[37] 0 676[36][37] A2L[37] 63.5[37] −50.9/−50.1[37] 76.0[37] 5,220[37]
HFO R-454A R-32/1234yf (35.0%/65.0%) 35.0% CH2F2  ·
65.0% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL40[38] 0 239[38] A2L[38] 80.5[38] −48.3[38] 78.9[38]
HFO R-454B R-32/1234yf (68.9%/31.1%) 68.9% CH2F2  ·
31.1% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL41,[39] Puron Advance[40] 0 466[39] A2L[39] 62.6[39] −50.9[39] 77.0[39]
HFO R-454C R-32/1234yf (21.5%/78.5%) 21.5% CH2F2  ·
78.5% C3H2F4 		Opteon XL20[41] 0 148[41] A2L[41] 90.8[41] −45.9[41] 82.4[41]
HFO R-455A R-32/1234yf/744 (75.5%/21.5%/3%) 21.5% CH2F2  ·
75.5% C3H2F4  ·
3% CO2 		Solstice L40x[42] 0 146[42] A2L[42] 87.5[42] −52.3/−39.4[42] 85.6[42] 4,660[42]
HFO R-456A R-32/134a/1234ze(E) (6.0%/45.0%/49.0%) 6.0% CH2F2  ·
45.0% C2H2F4  ·
49.0% C3H2F4 		0 687 102.4
HFO R-457A R-32/152a/1234yf
(18.0%/12.0%/70.0%) 		18.0% CH2F2  ·
12.0% C2H4F2  ·
70.0% C3H2F4 		Forane 457a[43] 0 139[44] A2L[44] 92.6
HFC R-458A R-32/125/134a/227ea/236fa (20.5%/4.0%/61.4%/13.5%/0.6%) 20.5% CH2F2 ·
4.0% C2HF5 ·
61.4% C2H3F3 ·
13.5% C3HF7 ·
0.6% C3H2F6 		0 1,650[45] 92.0
HFO R-459A R-32/1234yf(E)/1234ze(E) (68.0%/26.0%/6.0%) 68.0% CH2F2  ·
26.0% C3H2F4  ·
6.0% C3H2F4 		Forane 459a[43] 0 460
HCFC R-500 R-12/152a (73.8/26.2) 73.8% CCl2F2 · 26.2% C2H4F2 Carrene #7[8] 74.1668[note 1] 0.738[note 2] 8,077[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 30,000[10] 120[10] 99.3[6] −33/0[18] 102.15[8] 4,173[8]
HCFC R-501 R-22/12 (75/25) 75% CHClF2 · 25% CCl2F2 34[note 1] 0.2875[note 2] 4,083[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 54,000[10] 210[10] 93.1[6] −41/−41[18] 96.19[8] 4,764[8]
HCFC R-502 R-22/115 (48.8/51.2) 48.8% CHClF2 · 51.2% C2F5Cl 876.256[note 1] 0.24968[note 2] 4,657[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 73,000[10] 330[10] 111.6[6] −45/19[18] 80.73[8] 4,019[8]
HCFC R-503 R-23/13 (40.1/59.9) 40.1% CHF3 · 59.9% CClF3 491.63[note 1] 0.599[note 2] 14,560[note 1] 1,000[10] A1? 40,000? 200? 87.2[6] −88/88[18] 18.43[8] 4,265[8]
HCFC R-504 R-32/115 (48.2/51.8) 48.2% CH2F2 · 51.8% C2F5Cl 882.9618[note 1] 0.22792[note 2] 4,143[note 1] 1,000[10] A1? 140,000[27] 450[27] 79.2[6] −57/17[18] 62.13[8] 4,439[8]
HCFC R-505 R-12/31 (78/22) 78% CCl2F2 · 22% CH2FCl 78.0836+[note 1] 0.7844[note 2] 8,504+[note 1] 350? B2? 10,000? 20? 103.5[6] −30/115[18] 117.78[8] 4,730[8]
HCFC R-506 R-31/114 (55.1/44.9) 55.1% CH2FCl · 44.9% C2F4Cl2 134.90938+[note 1] 0.46002[note 2] 4,495+[note 1] 350? B2? 10,000? 20? 93.7[6] −12/18[18] 142.22[8] 5,157[8]
HFC R-507[A] R-125/143a (50/50) 50% C2HF5 · 50% C2H3F3 AZ-50[8][25] 40.5[note 1] 0[note 2] 3,985[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 130,000[10] 520[10] 98.9[6] −46.7/−40[18] 70.74[8] 3,715[8]
HFC R-508[A] R-23/116 (39/61) 39% CHF3 · 61% C2F6 Klea 5R3[8][25] 6,205.3[note 1] 0[note 2] 13,214[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 55,000[10] 220[10] 100.1[6] −86/−86[18] 11.01[8] 3,701[8]
HFC R-508B R-23/116 (46/54) 46% CHF3 · 54% C2F6 Suva 95[8][25] 5,524.2[note 1] 0[note 2] 13,396[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 52,000[10] 200[10] 95.4[6] -88.3/−45.6[18] 12.06[8] 3,834[8]
HCFC R-509[A] R-22/218 (44/56) 44% CHClF2 · 56% C3F8 Arcton TP5R2[8] 1,461.28[note 1] 0.022[note 2] 5,741[note 1] 1,000[10] A1[10] 75,000[10] 390[10] 124[6] −47/0[18] 87.22[8] 4,033[8]
HC R-510[A] R-E170/600a (88±.5/12±.5) 88±.5% C2H6O · 12±.5% C4H10 1.4532?[note 1] <0(smog)[note 2] 1.24[note 1] 1,000[10] A3[10] 7,300[10] 14[10] 47.2[6] −25.2/−25.2[10]
HC R-511[A] R-290/E170 (95±1/5±1) 95±1% C3H8 · 5±1% C2H6O 11.40075?[note 1] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 3.19[note 1] 1,000[27] A3[27] 5,300[27] 9.5[27] 44.2[6] −42.1/−20-40[27]
HFO R-513A R-1234yf/134a (56%/44%) 56% C3H2F4  · 44% C2H2F2 0[46] 573[46] A1[46] 108.4[46] −29.4[46] 96.5[46] 3,766[44]
HFO R-514A R-1336mzz-Z/trans-1,2-Dichloroethene(t-DCE)(74.7%/25.3%)[47] 74.7% C4H2F6  · 25.3% C2H2CL2[48] 0 2 B1 139.6 29.1 96.5 3,520
HFO R-515B R-1234ze/227ea 299[49]
HC R-600 Butane C4H10 or CH3CH2CH2CH3 106-97-8 6.8 days[21] 0[15] 4.0[2]–6.5[21] 1,000[10] A3[10] 4,000? 9.6? 58.1[6] 0[18]±1[7] 152.01[8] 3,796[8]
HC R-600a Isobutane C4H10 or CH(CH3)2CH3 75-28-5 12 ± 3[50][lower-alpha 5] 0[15][51] 3[51] 1,000[10] A3[10] 4,000[10] 9.6[10] 58.1[6] −11.7[7] 134.7[8] 3,640[8]
HC R-601 Pentane C5H12 or CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 109-66-0 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] 0[15] 4 ± 2[lower-alpha 6] 600[10] A3[32] 1,000[32] 2.9[32] 72.1[6] 36.1[32]±.2[7] 196.56[8] 3,358[8]
HC R-601a Isopentane C5H12 or (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 78-78-4 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] 0[15] 4 ± 2[lower-alpha 6] 600[10] A3[10] 1,000[10] 2.9[10] 72.1[6] 27.7[7] 187.78[8] 3,378[8]
HC R-610 Ethoxyethane (Diethyl ether) CH3CH2OCH2CH3 60-29-7 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 4 ± 2[lower-alpha 6] 400[10] A3? 74.1[6] 34.6[7] 193.65[8] 3,640[8]
HC R-611 Methyl formate HCOOCH3 107-31-3 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] 0[15][51] < 25[15][51] 100[10] B2[10] 60.1[6] 32[7][18] 213.55[8] 6,000[8]
HC-12a Propane/Trimethylenemethane[52] 40–70% C3H8 · 30–60% C4H6 (by volume) −33
HC-22a Propylhydride[52] C3H10O? 98% by volume −33
HC-502a Propylhydride/dimethyl ether[52] C3H10O? 60–100% · (CH3)2O 3-7% (by volume) −33
DR−14A[53] 415 −20.4 110.7 3,960
SP34E[54] R-134a (98.5%) C2H2F4 (98.5%)
R-630 Methylamine CH3NH2 74-89-5 31.1[6] −6[7] 156.89[8] 7,460[8]
R-631 Ethylamine CH3CH2(NH2) 75-04-7 45.1[6] 16.6[7] 183[8] 5,620[8]
R-702 Hydrogen H2 1333-74-0 5.8[2] A3[10] 2.016[6] −252.87[7] −239.95[20] 1,300[20]
R-704 Helium He 7440-59-7 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 9,340? A1[10] 4.002[6] −268.93[7] −267.96[20] 227[20]
R-717 Ammonia NH3 7664-41-7 < 0.019165[55] 0[55] 0[55] 25[10] B2L[17] 320[10] 0.22[10] 17.03[6] −33.34[7] 132.4[56] 11,280[56]
R-718 Water/Steam H2O 7732-18-5 0.026 0[57] 0.2 ± 0.2[2] A1[10] 18.02[6] 100[18] 373.946[20] 22,060[20]
R-720 Neon Ne 7440-01-9 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 9,340? A1[10] 20.18[6] −246.08[7] −228.75[20] 2,760[20]
R-728 Nitrogen N2 7727-37-9 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] A1[10] 28.01[6] −195.79[7] −146.9[20] 3,390[20]
R-729 Air N2/O2/Ar (78.082/20.945/.934 vol%) 78.082% N2 · 20.945% O2 · .934% Ar Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[57][lower-alpha 7] 0.00054+[2] A1? 28.97[6] −192.97? −140.53[8] 3,785[8]
R-732 Oxygen O2 7782-44-7 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] < 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] A1? 32[6] −182.95[7] −118.6[20] 5,050[20]
R-740 Argon Ar 7440-37-1 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 9,340? A1[10] 39.95[6] −185.85[7] −122.4[20] 4,870[20]
R-744 Carbon dioxide CO2 124-38-9 29,300-36,100[58] 0[15] 1[2] 5,000[10] A1[10] 40,000[10] 72[10] 44[6] −78[7][18] 31.04[20] 7,380[20]
R-744A Nitrous oxide N2O 10024-97-2 114[2] 0.017[19] 265[4] A1? 44[6] −88.48[7] 36.4[20] 7,240[20]
R-764 Sulfur dioxide SO2 7446-09-5 5[59] B1[10] 100[59] 0.262[59] 64.1[6] −10[7][18] 157.65[8] 7,880[8]
R-784 Krypton Kr 7439-90-9 Unlimited[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 0[lower-alpha 7] 9,340? A1? 83.80[6] −153.22[7] −63.8[20] 5,500[20]
CFO R-1112a 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene C2Cl2F2 79-35-6 132.9[6]
CFO R-1113 Chlorotrifluoroethylene C2ClF3 79-38-9 116.5[6] −27.8[7]
PFO R-1114 Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4 116-14-3 0[lower-alpha 4] 100[6] −76.3[7]
HCO R-1120 Trichloroethylene (trielene) C2HCl3 79-01-6 131.4[6] 87.2[7] 297.78[8] 4,909[8]
HCO R-1130 cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene C2H2Cl2 156-59-2 0[15] < 25[15] 96.9[6] 60.3[7] 243.28[8] 5,481[8]
HFO R-1132a 1,1-Difluoroethylene C2H2F2 75-38-7 0[lower-alpha 4] 64[6] −83[60] 29.7[8] 4,458[8]
HCO R-1140 Chloroethylene (vinyl chloride) C2H3Cl 75-01-4 100? B3[5] 62.5[6] −13.4[7] 151.83[8] 5,150[8]
HFO R-1141 Fluoroethylene (vinyl fluoride) C2H3F 75-02-5 0[lower-alpha 4] 46[6] −72.2[7]
HO R-1150 Ethene (Ethylene) CH2=CH2 74-85-1 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 3.7[2] 200[10] A3[10] 28.05[6] −103.7[7] 9.19[8] 5,040[8]
PFO R-1216 Hexafluoropropylene C3F6 116-15-4 1,000+[2][3] 0[lower-alpha 4] 17,340+[2] 150[6] −28[7]
PFO R-1218 Hexafluoropropene trimer (C3F6)3 6792-31-0 0[lower-alpha 4] 450.1[6]
HCFO R-1224yd (Z)-2,3,3,3,-Tetrafluoro-1-Chloropropene[61][62][63] (Z)-CF3-CF=CHCl 111512-60-8
HCFO R-1233zd 1-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene C3H2ClF3 2730-43-0 0.0712328[64] 0[64] 1[64] 130.5[6] 19
HFO R-1234yf 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene C3H2F4 754-12-1 0.030116[65] 0[51] 4[51][65] 500[66] A2L[17] 16,000[67] 75[67] 114[6] −29.4[67]
HFO R-1234ze 1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene C3H2F4 1645-83-6 0[51] 6[51] 800[27] A2L[27] 16,000[27] 75[27] 114[6] −19.0[7][27]
HO R-1270 Propene (Propylene) C3H6 or CH3CH=CH2 115-07-1 12 ± 3[lower-alpha 5] < 0(smog)[lower-alpha 5] 1.8[2] 500[10] A3[10] 1,000[10] 1.7[10] 42.1[6] −47.6[7] 92.42[8] 4,665[8]
HFO HFO-1336mzz-E[53] trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene C4H2F6 0 18 7.5 137.7 3,150
HFO HFO-1336mzz-Z (R1336mzz-Z) (DR-2)[53][68] cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene CF3CH=CHCF3(Z) 692-49-9 0 2 A1 37.4 171.3 2,900
T
y
p
e 		ASHRAE
number 		IUPAC chemical name Molecular
formula 		CAS no/
blend
name 		Atmospheric
lifetime
(years) 		Semi-
empirical
ODP 		Net
GWP
100-yr 		OEL/PEL
ppm (v/v) &
ASHRAE 34
safety group 		RCL/IDLH Molecular
mass
u 		Boiling, or
bubble/dew
/azeotropic
point(s) °C 		Critical
temp.
°C 		Critical
pressure,
absolute
kPa
ppm
(v/v) 		g/m3

Type and flammability

Legends
Types / Prefixes[69]
Type Meaning Atoms in the Molecule
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon Cl, F, C
CFO Chlorofluoroolefin
HCFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbon H, Cl, F, C
HCFO Hydrochlorofluoroolefin
HFC Hydrofluorocarbon H, F, C
HFO Hydrofluoroolefin
HCC Hydrochlorocarbon H, Cl, C
HCO Hydrochloroolefin
HC Hydrocarbon H, C
HO Hydroolefin (Alkene)
PFC Perfluorocarbon F, C
PFO Perfluoroolefin
PCC Perchlorocarbon Cl, C
PCO Perchloroolefin
H Halon/Haloalkane Br, Cl (in some but not all), F, H (in some but not all), C
Safety Classification of Refrigerants[70]
Flammability in Air @ 60 °C & 101.3 kPa ASHRAE 34 Safety group
Higher Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 = 100 g/m3 OR HOC = 19 MJ/kg[71]		 A3 B3
Lower Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 > 100 g/m3 & HOC < 19 MJ/kg[71]		 A2 B2
Lower Flammability
LFL or ETFL60 > 100 g/m3 & HOC < 19 MJ/kg[71]
with a maximum burning velocity of = 10 cm/s		 A2L B2L
No flame Propagation A1 B1
Flammability in Air @ 60 °C & 101.3 kPa Lower Toxicity
OEL ≥ 400 ppm[28]		 Higher Toxicity
OEL < 400 ppm[28]

LFL = Lower Flammability Limit
ETFL60 = Elevated Temperature Flame Limit @ 60 °C
HOC = Heat Of Combustion

Compounds used as refrigerants may be described using either the appropriate prefix above or with the prefixes "R-" or "Refrigerant." Thus, CFC-12 may also be written as R-12 or Refrigerant 12.
An alkene, olefin, or olefine is an unsaturated compound containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond.[72]

Educated Estimates
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Some CFCs are assumed to be similar in terms of Semi-Empirical ODP being one.[3][11]
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.69 2.70 2.71 2.72 2.73 2.74 2.75 2.76 2.77 2.78 2.79 2.80 2.81 2.82 2.83 2.84 2.85 2.86 2.87 2.88 2.89 2.90 2.91 2.92 2.93 2.94 2.95 Some HCFCs are assumed to be similar in terms of Semi-Empirical ODP.[3][13]
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 Some HCFCs are assumed to be similar in terms of Atmospheric Lifetime[2][3] & net GWP over a 100-year time horizon.[2][3]
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 All HFCs, HFOs, PFCs & PFOs are assumed to be similar in terms of Semi-Empirical ODP being zero.[12][15]
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 Most hydrocarbons are assumed to be similar to Methane in terms of Atmospheric Lifetime being 12 ± 3 years[2] & Semi-Empirical ODP being < 0(smog chemistry).[19]
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Pentane, Isopentane & Ethoxyethane (Diethyl ether) is assumed to have a net GWP over 100-yr to be 4 ± 2.
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 Air, nitrogen, oxygen & the noble gases are assumed to have an unlimited Atmospheric Lifetime, a Semi-Empirical ODP of zero (except oxygen being slightly less than zero) & net GWP over 100-yr to be zero (except air being the sum of its parts).

See also

  • Haloalkane

References

  1. ↑ "Refrigerant blends to challenge hydrocarbon efficiencies". 22 December 2019. https://www.coolingpost.com/world-news/refrigerant-blends-to-challenge-hydrocarbon-efficiencies/. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.69 2.70 2.71 2.72 2.73 2.74 2.75 2.76 2.77 2.78 2.79 2.80 2.81 2.82 2.83 2.84 2.85 2.86 P. Forster; V. Ramaswamy; P. Artaxo; T. Berntsen; R. Betts; D.W. Fahey; J. Haywood; J. Lean et al. (2007). "Chapter 2: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing". in Solomon, S.; Miller, H.L.; Tignor, M. et al. (in en). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg1/en/ch2.html. Retrieved 9 October 2016. 
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.37 3.38 3.39 3.40 3.41 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47 3.48 3.49 3.50 3.51 3.52 3.53 3.54 John S. Daniel; Guus J.M. Velders; A.R. Douglass; P.M.D. Forster; D.A. Hauglustaine; I.S.A. Isaksen; L.J.M. Kuijpers; A. McCulloch et al. (2006). "Chapter 8. Halocarbon Scenarios, Ozone Depletion Potentials, and Global Warming Potentials". Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/assessments/ozone/2006/chapters/chapter8.pdf. Retrieved 9 October 2016. 
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 Myhre, G., D. Shindell, F.‐M. Bréon, W. Collins, J. Fuglestvedt, J. Huang, D. Koch, J.‐F. Lamarque, D. Lee, B. Mendoza, T. Nakajima, A. Robock, G. Stephens, T. Takemura and H. Zhang, 2013: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.‐K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Addenda to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-1997" (PDF). ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-1997, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2000-11-15. https://ashrae.org/standards-research--technology/standards-addenda/addenda-for-standard-34-1997. 
  6. ↑ 6.000 6.001 6.002 6.003 6.004 6.005 6.006 6.007 6.008 6.009 6.010 6.011 6.012 6.013 6.014 6.015 6.016 6.017 6.018 6.019 6.020 6.021 6.022 6.023 6.024 6.025 6.026 6.027 6.028 6.029 6.030 6.031 6.032 6.033 6.034 6.035 6.036 6.037 6.038 6.039 6.040 6.041 6.042 6.043 6.044 6.045 6.046 6.047 6.048 6.049 6.050 6.051 6.052 6.053 6.054 6.055 6.056 6.057 6.058 6.059 6.060 6.061 6.062 6.063 6.064 6.065 6.066 6.067 6.068 6.069 6.070 6.071 6.072 6.073 6.074 6.075 6.076 6.077 6.078 6.079 6.080 6.081 6.082 6.083 6.084 6.085 6.086 6.087 6.088 6.089 6.090 6.091 6.092 6.093 6.094 6.095 6.096 6.097 6.098 6.099 6.100 6.101 6.102 6.103 6.104 6.105 6.106 6.107 6.108 6.109 6.110 6.111 6.112 6.113 6.114 6.115 6.116 6.117 6.118 6.119 6.120 6.121 6.122 6.123 6.124 6.125 6.126 6.127 6.128 6.129 6.130 6.131 6.132 6.133 6.134 6.135 6.136 6.137 6.138 6.139 6.140 6.141 6.142 6.143 6.144 6.145 6.146 6.147 6.148 6.149 6.150 6.151 6.152 6.153 6.154 6.155 6.156 6.157 6.158 6.159 6.160 6.161 6.162 6.163 6.164 6.165 6.166 6.167 6.168 6.169 6.170 6.171 6.172 6.173 6.174 6.175 6.176 6.177 6.178 6.179 6.180 6.181 6.182 6.183 6.184 6.185 6.186 6.187 6.188 6.189 6.190 6.191 6.192 6.193 6.194 6.195 6.196 6.197 6.198 6.199 6.200 6.201 6.202 6.203 6.204 6.205 6.206 6.207 6.208 6.209 6.210 6.211 6.212 6.213 6.214 6.215 6.216 6.217 6.218 6.219 6.220 6.221 6.222 6.223 6.224 6.225 6.226 6.227 6.228 6.229 6.230 6.231 6.232 6.233 6.234 6.235 6.236 6.237 6.238 6.239 6.240 6.241 6.242 6.243 6.244 6.245 6.246 6.247 6.248 6.249 6.250 6.251 6.252 6.253 6.254 6.255 6.256 6.257 6.258 6.259 6.260 6.261 6.262 6.263 6.264 6.265 6.266 6.267 6.268 6.269 6.270 6.271 6.272 6.273 6.274 6.275 6.276 6.277 6.278 6.279 6.280 6.281 6.282 6.283 6.284 6.285 6.286 6.287 6.288 6.289 6.290 6.291 6.292 6.293 6.294 6.295 6.296 6.297 6.298 6.299 6.300 6.301 6.302 6.303 6.304 6.305 6.306 6.307 6.308 6.309 6.310 6.311 6.312 6.313 6.314 6.315 6.316 6.317 6.318 6.319 6.320 6.321 6.322 6.323 6.324 6.325 6.326 6.327 6.328 6.329 6.330 6.331 6.332 6.333 6.334 6.335 6.336 6.337 6.338 6.339 6.340 6.341 6.342 6.343 Wieser, Michael E.; Coplen, Tyler B. (2010-12-12). "Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 83 (2): 359–396. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14. ISSN 1365-3075. 
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 7.53 7.54 7.55 7.56 7.57 7.58 7.59 7.60 7.61 7.62 7.63 7.64 7.65 7.66 7.67 7.68 7.69 7.70 7.71 7.72 7.73 7.74 7.75 Wikipedia:Chemical infobox#References
  8. ↑ 8.000 8.001 8.002 8.003 8.004 8.005 8.006 8.007 8.008 8.009 8.010 8.011 8.012 8.013 8.014 8.015 8.016 8.017 8.018 8.019 8.020 8.021 8.022 8.023 8.024 8.025 8.026 8.027 8.028 8.029 8.030 8.031 8.032 8.033 8.034 8.035 8.036 8.037 8.038 8.039 8.040 8.041 8.042 8.043 8.044 8.045 8.046 8.047 8.048 8.049 8.050 8.051 8.052 8.053 8.054 8.055 8.056 8.057 8.058 8.059 8.060 8.061 8.062 8.063 8.064 8.065 8.066 8.067 8.068 8.069 8.070 8.071 8.072 8.073 8.074 8.075 8.076 8.077 8.078 8.079 8.080 8.081 8.082 8.083 8.084 8.085 8.086 8.087 8.088 8.089 8.090 8.091 8.092 8.093 8.094 8.095 8.096 8.097 8.098 8.099 8.100 8.101 8.102 8.103 8.104 8.105 8.106 8.107 8.108 8.109 8.110 8.111 8.112 8.113 8.114 8.115 8.116 8.117 8.118 8.119 8.120 8.121 8.122 8.123 8.124 8.125 8.126 8.127 8.128 8.129 8.130 8.131 8.132 8.133 8.134 8.135 8.136 8.137 8.138 8.139 8.140 8.141 8.142 8.143 8.144 8.145 8.146 8.147 8.148 8.149 8.150 8.151 8.152 8.153 8.154 8.155 8.156 8.157 8.158 8.159 8.160 8.161 8.162 8.163 8.164 8.165 8.166 8.167 8.168 8.169 8.170 8.171 8.172 8.173 8.174 8.175 8.176 8.177 8.178 8.179 8.180 8.181 8.182 8.183 8.184 8.185 8.186 8.187 8.188 8.189 8.190 8.191 8.192 8.193 8.194 8.195 8.196 8.197 8.198 8.199 8.200 8.201 8.202 8.203 8.204 8.205 8.206 8.207 8.208 8.209 8.210 8.211 8.212 8.213 8.214 8.215 8.216 8.217 8.218 8.219 8.220 8.221 8.222 8.223 8.224 8.225 8.226 8.227 8.228 8.229 8.230 8.231 8.232 8.233 8.234 Schoen, J. Andrew, "Listing of Refrigerants", Andy's HVAC/R Web Page, http://www.jandrewschoen.com/refchart.pdf, retrieved 2011-12-17 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. (2014), "Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing", Climate Change 2013 - the Physical Science Basis, Cambridge University Press, pp. 659–740, doi:10.1017/cbo9781107415324.018, ISBN 9781107415324 
  10. ↑ 10.000 10.001 10.002 10.003 10.004 10.005 10.006 10.007 10.008 10.009 10.010 10.011 10.012 10.013 10.014 10.015 10.016 10.017 10.018 10.019 10.020 10.021 10.022 10.023 10.024 10.025 10.026 10.027 10.028 10.029 10.030 10.031 10.032 10.033 10.034 10.035 10.036 10.037 10.038 10.039 10.040 10.041 10.042 10.043 10.044 10.045 10.046 10.047 10.048 10.049 10.050 10.051 10.052 10.053 10.054 10.055 10.056 10.057 10.058 10.059 10.060 10.061 10.062 10.063 10.064 10.065 10.066 10.067 10.068 10.069 10.070 10.071 10.072 10.073 10.074 10.075 10.076 10.077 10.078 10.079 10.080 10.081 10.082 10.083 10.084 10.085 10.086 10.087 10.088 10.089 10.090 10.091 10.092 10.093 10.094 10.095 10.096 10.097 10.098 10.099 10.100 10.101 10.102 10.103 10.104 10.105 10.106 10.107 10.108 10.109 10.110 10.111 10.112 10.113 10.114 10.115 10.116 10.117 10.118 10.119 10.120 10.121 10.122 10.123 10.124 10.125 10.126 10.127 10.128 10.129 10.130 10.131 10.132 10.133 10.134 10.135 10.136 10.137 10.138 10.139 10.140 10.141 10.142 10.143 10.144 10.145 10.146 10.147 10.148 10.149 10.150 10.151 10.152 10.153 10.154 10.155 10.156 10.157 10.158 10.159 10.160 10.161 10.162 10.163 10.164 10.165 10.166 10.167 10.168 10.169 10.170 10.171 10.172 10.173 10.174 10.175 10.176 10.177 10.178 10.179 10.180 10.181 10.182 10.183 10.184 10.185 10.186 10.187 10.188 10.189 10.190 10.191 10.192 10.193 10.194 10.195 10.196 10.197 10.198 10.199 10.200 10.201 10.202 10.203 10.204 10.205 10.206 10.207 10.208 10.209 10.210 10.211 10.212 10.213 10.214 10.215 10.216 10.217 10.218 10.219 10.220 10.221 10.222 10.223 10.224 10.225 10.226 10.227 10.228 10.229 10.230 10.231 10.232 10.233 10.234 10.235 10.236 10.237 10.238 10.239 10.240 10.241 10.242 10.243 10.244 10.245 10.246 10.247 10.248 10.249 10.250 10.251 10.252 10.253 10.254 10.255 10.256 10.257 10.258 10.259 10.260 10.261 10.262 10.263 10.264 10.265 10.266 10.267 10.268 10.269 10.270 10.271 10.272 10.273 10.274 10.275 10.276 10.277 10.278 10.279 10.280 10.281 10.282 10.283 10.284 10.285 10.286 10.287 10.288 10.289 10.290 10.291 10.292 10.293 10.294 10.295 10.296 10.297 10.298 10.299 10.300 10.301 10.302 10.303 10.304 10.305 10.306 10.307 10.308 10.309 10.310 10.311 10.312 10.313 10.314 10.315 10.316 10.317 10.318 10.319 10.320 10.321 10.322 10.323 10.324 10.325 10.326 10.327 10.328 10.329 10.330 10.331 10.332 10.333 10.334 10.335 10.336 10.337 10.338 10.339 10.340 10.341 10.342 10.343 10.344 10.345 10.346 10.347 10.348 10.349 10.350 10.351 10.352 10.353 10.354 10.355 10.356 10.357 10.358 10.359 10.360 10.361 10.362 10.363 10.364 10.365 10.366 10.367 10.368 10.369 10.370 10.371 10.372 10.373 10.374 10.375 10.376 10.377 10.378 10.379 10.380 10.381 10.382 10.383 10.384 10.385 10.386 10.387 "Addenda m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, and v to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2008-06-26. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20080807_34m_thru_34v_final.pdf. 
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 11.14 "Class I Ozone-depleting Substances". Science - Ozone Layer Protection. US EPA. 2007. http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/science/ods/classone.html. 
  12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 12.12 12.13 12.14 12.15 12.16 12.17 12.18 12.19 12.20 12.21 12.22 12.23 "Global Warming Potentials of ODS Substitutes". Science - Ozone Layer Protection. US EPA. 2007. http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/geninfo/gwps.html. 
  13. ↑ 13.00 13.01 13.02 13.03 13.04 13.05 13.06 13.07 13.08 13.09 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 13.20 13.21 13.22 13.23 13.24 13.25 13.26 13.27 13.28 "Class II Ozone-depleting Substances". Science - Ozone Layer Protection. US EPA. 2007. http://www.epa.gov/Ozone/science/ods/classtwo.html. 
  14. ↑ The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. UNEP, 2000. ISBN:92-807-1888-6
  15. ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 15.16 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer: 2006 Report of the Rigid and Flexible Foams Technical Options Committee (FTOC); 2006 Assessment, Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Ozone Secretariat, March 2007, ISBN 978-92-807-2826-2, http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/TEAP/Reports/FTOC/ftoc_assessment_report06.pdf, retrieved 2010-12-16 
  16. ↑ What is R 32 gas?, Top10Ten, 2019-08-25, https://www.top10ten.co.in/best-ac-in-india/#what-is-r32-gas-in-ac, retrieved 2019-08-25 
  17. ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 "Addenda e, f, g, and h to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2011-02-03. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/34_2010_efgh_forPosting.pdf. 
  18. ↑ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 18.19 18.20 18.21 18.22 18.23 18.24 18.25 18.26 18.27 18.28 18.29 18.30 18.31 18.32 18.33 18.34 18.35 18.36 18.37 18.38 18.39 18.40 18.41 18.42 18.43 18.44 18.45 18.46 18.47 18.48 18.49 18.50 18.51 18.52 18.53 18.54 18.55 18.56 "Addenda d, j, l, m, and t to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2004". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2004, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2007-03-03. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20070613_342004_d_j_l_m_t_only.pdf. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Ravishankara, A. R.; Daniel, John S.; Portmann, Robert W. (2009-08-27), "Supporting Online Material for - Nitrous Oxide (N2O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century", Science (Washington, DC) 326 (5949): 123–125, doi:10.1126/science.1176985, PMID 19713491, Bibcode: 2009Sci...326..123R, https://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2009/08/27/1176985.DC1/Ravishankara.SOM.pdf, "Methane's influence on ozone is very dependent on altitude. In the troposphere and lower stratosphere it induces ozone production via "smog chemistry"(10), while at higher altitudes it causes ozone losses [...] The net effect is generally a gain in column ozone due to methane increases, both in the stratospheric column and total column(11). Thus, unlike for N2O, a calculated ODP for methane would likely be negative." 
  20. ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 20.12 20.13 20.14 20.15 20.16 20.17 20.18 20.19 20.20 20.21 Critical point (thermodynamics)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 Hodnebrog, ∅.; Dalsøren, S.; Myhre, G. (2018), "Lifetimes, direct and indirect radiative forcing, and global warming potentials of ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), and butane (C4H10)", Atmos. Sci. Lett. 2018;19:e804 (2): e804, doi:10.1002/asl.804, Bibcode: 2018AtScL..19E.804H 
  22. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 3.22. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 Papadimitriou, Vassileios C.; McGillen, Max R.; Smith, Shona C.; Jubb, Aaron M.; Portmann, Robert W.; Hall, Bradley D.; Fleming, Eric L.; Jackman, Charles H. et al. (2013). "1,2-Dichlorohexafluoro-cyclobutane (1,2-c-C4F6Cl2, R-316c) a Potent Ozone Depleting Substance and Greenhouse Gas: Atmospheric Loss Processes, Lifetimes, and Ozone Depletion and Global Warming Potentials for the (E) and (Z) Stereoisomers". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 117 (43): 11049–11065. doi:10.1021/jp407823k. PMID 24079521. Bibcode: 2013JPCA..11711049P. 
  24. ↑ Hydrocarbons are assumed to be similar to Methane in terms of Semi-Empirical ODP being < 0(smog chemistry)
  25. ↑ 25.00 25.01 25.02 25.03 25.04 25.05 25.06 25.07 25.08 25.09 25.10 25.11 25.12 25.13 25.14 25.15 25.16 25.17 25.18 25.19 25.20 25.21 25.22 25.23 25.24 25.25 25.26 25.27 25.28 25.29 25.30 25.31 25.32 Composition of Refrigerant Blends, US EPA, http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/refrigerants/refblend.html, retrieved 2011-12-18 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 "Addenda af and ag to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2009-06-25. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20090824_34_2007_af_ag_final.pdf. 
  27. ↑ 27.00 27.01 27.02 27.03 27.04 27.05 27.06 27.07 27.08 27.09 27.10 27.11 27.12 27.13 27.14 27.15 27.16 27.17 27.18 27.19 27.20 27.21 27.22 27.23 27.24 27.25 27.26 27.27 27.28 27.29 27.30 27.31 27.32 27.33 "Addenda i, j, k, l, n, and o to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2011-06-30. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/34_ijklno_Final.pdf. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 28.5 28.6 28.7 28.8 28.9 "Addenda a, b, and d to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2010-07-01. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20100916_34_2010_a_b_d_final.pdf. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 IPCC Assessment Report 4 (AR4) 2007, Table 2.14, page 212
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Addenda a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2007-06-28. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20070706_34_2007a_b_c_d_e_f_g_h.pdf. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 "Addenda x, y, aa, ab, ac, ad, and ae to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2009-01-29. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20090224_ad342007x_y_aa_ab_ac_ad_ae.pdf. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 "Addenda i, j, and k to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2008-01-24. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20080618_34_2007_i_j_k_final.pdf. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9 "Solstice® N40 (R-448A) | European Refrigerants". https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/product/solstice-n40/. 
  34. ↑ "Solstice N40 TDS". https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Solstice-N40-TDS-141216-vF.pdf. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 "Forane® 449A (XP40) Refrigerant - Product Information". Arkema. https://www.forane.com/en/forane-refrigerants/our-products/product-viewer/Forane-449A-XP40/. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Opteon™ XL55 Refrigerant - Product Information". Chemours. https://www.opteon.com/en/−/media/files/opteon/opteon-xl55-product-information.pdf. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6 "Solstice® L41y (R-452B) Refrigerant - Brochure". Honeywell. https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Solstice-L41y-Brochure_EN.pdf. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.5 "Opteon™ XL40 Refrigerant - Product Information". Chemours. https://www.opteon.com/en/−/media/files/opteon/opteon-xl40-pib-en.pdf. 
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 39.5 "Opteon™ XL41 Refrigerant - Product Information". Chemours. https://www.opteon.com/en/−/media/files/opteon/opteon-xl41-product-information.pdf?la=en. 
  40. ↑ "Carrier Introduces Puron Advance™". Carrier. https://www.carrier.com/residential/en/us/news/news-article/carrier_introduces_puron_advance_the_next_generation_refrigerant.html. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 "Opteon™ XL20 Refrigerant - Product Information". Chemours. https://www.opteon.com/en/−/media/files/opteon/opteon-xl20-pib-en.pdf. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.4 42.5 42.6 "Solstice® L40X (R-455A) | European Refrigerants" (in en-US). https://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/europe/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Honeywell-Solstice®-L40X-TDS_EN.pdf. 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 "Fluorinated alternatives in residential and light commercial applications - Forane Refrigerants". Arkema. https://ccacoalition.org/sites/default/files/2017_technology-airconditioning-workshop_SessionIIA_Karpman.pdf. 
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 "Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Listing of Substitutes Under the Significant New Alternatives Policy Program". 2020-06-12. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/06/12/2020-11990/protection-of-stratospheric-ozone-listing-of-substitutes-under-the-significant-new-alternatives. 
  45. ↑ "Federal Register :: Protection of Stratospheric Ozone: Determination 33 for Significant New Alternatives Policy Program" (in en-US). https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/07/21/2017-15379/protection-of-stratospheric-ozone-determination-33-for-significant-new-alternatives-policy-program#h-21. 
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.5 "Opteon™ XP10 (R-513A) refrigerant" (in en-US). www.chemours.com. https://www.chemours.com/Refrigerants/en_US/products/Opteon/Stationary_Refrigeration/products/Opteon_XP10.html. 
  47. ↑ https://www.opteon.com/en/−/media/files/opteon/opteon-xp30-product-information.pdf?la=en&rev=dbb567acf6554988840dff8d3c725d97 Template:Bare URL PDF
  48. ↑ "Trane adopts new low GWP refrigerant R514A". 15 June 2016. https://www.coolingpost.com/world-news/trane-adopts-new-low-gwp-refrigerant-r514a/. 
  49. ↑ "Honeywell launches R515B, its latest nonflammable HFO, as R134a replacement". 4 February 2020. https://www.racplus.com/news/honeywell-launches-r515b-its-latest-nonflammable-hfo-as-r134a-replacement-04-02-2020/. 
  50. ↑ PRODUCT SAFETY DATA SHEET - PRODUCT: RS-45 (R434A), Refrigerant Solutions Limited, 2001-10-01, http://www.refsols.com/files/RS-45/RS-45_safety_data.pdf, retrieved 2011-12-16 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 51.5 51.6 51.7 TRANSITIONING TO LOW-GWP - ALTERNATIVES IN DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION, US EPA, October 2010, http://www.epa.gov/ozone/downloads/EPA_HFC_DomRef.pdf, retrieved 2011-12-17 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 52.2 "HC Refrigerant". http://www.hcrefrigerant.com/msds.htm. 
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 http://hpc2017.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/O.3.3.4-Novel-Working-Fluid-HFO-1336mzzE-for-Use-in-Waste-Heat-Recovery-Applications.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  54. ↑ "EPA Adds SP34E to SNAP Program". https://www.achrnews.com/articles/84295-epa-adds-sp34e-to-snap-program. 
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 "II. ADVANTAGES OF AMMONIA AS A REFRIGERANT". Ammonia: The Natural Refrigerant of Choice (An IIAR Green Paper). International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration. https://www.iiar.org/aar/aar_green2.cfm. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Ammonia - NH3 - Properties". Engineering Toolbox. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/ammonia-d_971.html. 
  57. ↑ 57.0 57.1 "Refrigerants - Environment Properties". Engineering ToolBox. http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/Refrigerants-Environment-Properties-d_1220.html. 
  58. ↑ Archer, David (2005). "Fate of fossil fuel CO2 in geologic time". Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (C9): C09S05.1–6. doi:10.1029/2004JC002625. Bibcode: 2005JGRC..11009S05A. https://geosci.uchicago.edu/~archer/reprints/archer.2005.fate_co2.pdf. Retrieved 27 July 2007.CO2+in+geologic+time&rft.jtitle=[[Earth:Journal+of+Geophysical+Research|Journal+of+Geophysical+Research]]&rft.aulast=Archer&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Archer, David&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=C9&rft.pages=C09S05.1–6&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029/2004JC002625&rft_id=info:bibcode/2005JGRC..11009S05A&rft_id=https://geosci.uchicago.edu/~archer/reprints/archer.2005.fate_co2.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Chemistry:List_of_refrigerants"> 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 "CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Sulfur dioxide", National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Rd. Atlanta, GA 30333, USA), 2010-11-18, https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0575.html, retrieved 2012-02-06 
  60. ↑ "ICSC 0687 - VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE" (in en). http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_version=2&p_card_id=0687. 
  61. ↑ "New HCFO refrigerant is ASHRAE listed" (in en-GB). 2017-10-23. https://www.coolingpost.com/world-news/new-hcfo-refrigerant-ashrae-listed/. 
  62. ↑ "NEC develops cooling technology for data centers that reduces air conditioning power by 50%" (in en). https://www.nec.com/en/press/201806/global_20180629_04.html. 
  63. ↑ "NEC, NTT develop data center cooling system using new low pressure refrigerant" (in en). https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/nec-ntt-develop-data-center-cooling-system-using-new-low-pressure-refrigerant/. 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 "Solstice® LBA Technical Brochure | Blowing Agents". https://www.honeywell-blowingagents.com/?document=solstice-lba-technical-brochure. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 GM First to Market Greenhouse Gas-Friendly Air Conditioning Refrigerant in U.S., Warren, Michigan, 2010-07-23, https://media.gm.com/content/media/us/en/news/news_detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/July/0723_refrigerant, retrieved 2010-12-27 
  66. ↑ "ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum c to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2010: Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants". ASHRAE. 2011-07-27. https://www.ashrae.org//File Library/Technical Resources/Standards and Guidelines/Standards Addenda/34_2010_c_Final.pdf. 
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 "Addendum w to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2008-11-18. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20100120_34_2007_w_final.pdf. 
  68. ↑ https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2524&context=iracc Template:Bare URL PDF
  69. ↑ "Numbering Scheme for Ozone-Depleting Substances and their Substitutes". Science - Ozone Layer Protection. US EPA. 2007. http://www.epa.gov/ozone/geninfo/numbers.html. 
  70. ↑ "ANSI/ASHRAE Addendum ak to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2010-02-24. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20100309_34_2007_ak_final.pdf. 
  71. ↑ 71.0 71.1 71.2 "ANSI/ASHRAE Addenda z, ah, ai, and aj to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007". ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2007, Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. 2010-01-28. http://ashrae.org/File Library/docLib/Public/20100309_34_2007_z_ah_ai_aj_final.pdf. 
  72. ↑ Wade, Leroy G. Jr. (2006). Organic Chemistry (Sixth ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 279. ISBN 978-0-13-147871-8. OCLC 56876670. https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry00wade_388. 

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.000 1.001 1.002 1.003 1.004 1.005 1.006 1.007 1.008 1.009 1.010 1.011 1.012 1.013 1.014 1.015 1.016 1.017 1.018 1.019 1.020 1.021 1.022 1.023 1.024 1.025 1.026 1.027 1.028 1.029 1.030 1.031 1.032 1.033 1.034 1.035 1.036 1.037 1.038 1.039 1.040 1.041 1.042 1.043 1.044 1.045 1.046 1.047 1.048 1.049 1.050 1.051 1.052 1.053 1.054 1.055 1.056 1.057 1.058 1.059 1.060 1.061 1.062 1.063 1.064 1.065 1.066 1.067 1.068 1.069 1.070 1.071 1.072 1.073 1.074 1.075 1.076 1.077 1.078 1.079 1.080 1.081 1.082 1.083 1.084 1.085 1.086 1.087 1.088 1.089 1.090 1.091 1.092 1.093 1.094 1.095 1.096 1.097 1.098 1.099 1.100 1.101 1.102 1.103 1.104 1.105 1.106 1.107 1.108 1.109 1.110 1.111 1.112 1.113 1.114 1.115 1.116 1.117 1.118 1.119 1.120 1.121 1.122 1.123 1.124 1.125 1.126 1.127 1.128 1.129 1.130 1.131 1.132 1.133 1.134 1.135 1.136 1.137 1.138 1.139 1.140 1.141 1.142 1.143 1.144 1.145 1.146 1.147 1.148 1.149 1.150 1.151 1.152 1.153 Blend Calculation using the following information: (a) Hydrocarbons are assumed to be similar to Methane in terms of Atmospheric Lifetime being 12 ± 3 years, (b) Pentane & Isopentane is assumed to have a net GWP over 100-yr to be 4 ± 2
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25 2.26 2.27 2.28 2.29 2.30 2.31 2.32 2.33 2.34 2.35 2.36 2.37 2.38 2.39 2.40 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 2.52 2.53 2.54 2.55 2.56 2.57 2.58 2.59 2.60 2.61 2.62 2.63 2.64 2.65 2.66 2.67 2.68 2.69 2.70 2.71 2.72 2.73 2.74 Blend Calculation using the following information:[3][11][13][12][15][24]



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