Warazan

Example of warazan at the Museum of Science, Tokyo University of Science

Instruction to use warazan to record the level of tax assessed, in the Yaeyama-jima Kuramoto Kujichō (1873 copy of the 1857 original); the fourth to sixth characters in the fifth line from the right read「わら算」(University of the Ryukyus Library)^[1]^[2]

Warazan (藁算) was a system of record-keeping using knotted straw at the time of the Ryūkyū Kingdom.^[3]^[4] In the dialect of the Sakishima Islands it was known as barasan and on Okinawa Island as warazani or warazai.^[5] Formerly used in particular in relation to the "head tax", it is still to be found in connection with the annual Itoman Giant Tug-of-War (糸満大綱引), to record the amount of miki or sacred sake dedicated.^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 "The mathematics from Komonjo". University of the Ryukyus Library. November 2017. https://www.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/lib_uploadfile/column/h2911_eng.pdf.
↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). University of the Ryukyus Library. https://shimuchi.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/collection/miyara/mi00501/13.Error:+no+|title=+specified when+using+{{[[Template:Cite+web|Cite+web]]}}[[Category:Articles+with+incorrect+citation+syntax|Warazan]]&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=University+of+the+Ryukyus+Library&rft_id=https://shimuchi.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/collection/miyara/mi00501/13&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Warazan">
↑ "Native Writing Systems in the Okinawan Islands" (in ja, en). University of Tokyo. 2015. http://www.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/postgraduate/database/2015/165.html.
↑ Sasaki Toshikazu. "A Study of Ryukyu Materials in the Collection of the National Museum of Ethnology". National Museum of Ethnology. https://older.minpaku.ac.jp/english/research/activity/project/iurp/07jr100.
↑ Miyata Yoshimi 宮田義美 (27 December 2014). (in ja)Reports of Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, Tsuda University (Tsuda University): 358. https://www2.tsuda.ac.jp/suukeiken/math/suugakushi/sympo25/25_17miyata.pdf.

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warazan. Read more

[Komonjo-1] 1.0 ^1.1 "The mathematics from Komonjo". University of the Ryukyus Library. November 2017. https://www.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/lib_uploadfile/column/h2911_eng.pdf.

[2] "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). University of the Ryukyus Library. https://shimuchi.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/collection/miyara/mi00501/13.Error:+no+|title=+specified when+using+{{[[Template:Cite+web|Cite+web]]}}[[Category:Articles+with+incorrect+citation+syntax|Warazan]]&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=University+of+the+Ryukyus+Library&rft_id=https://shimuchi.lib.u-ryukyu.ac.jp/collection/miyara/mi00501/13&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikibooks.org:Warazan">

[3] "Native Writing Systems in the Okinawan Islands" (in ja, en). University of Tokyo. 2015. http://www.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/postgraduate/database/2015/165.html.

[4] Sasaki Toshikazu. "A Study of Ryukyu Materials in the Collection of the National Museum of Ethnology". National Museum of Ethnology. https://older.minpaku.ac.jp/english/research/activity/project/iurp/07jr100.

[5] Miyata Yoshimi 宮田義美 (27 December 2014). (in ja)Reports of Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science, Tsuda University (Tsuda University): 358. https://www2.tsuda.ac.jp/suukeiken/math/suugakushi/sympo25/25_17miyata.pdf.

Warazan

See also

References