Oenothera Elata

Oenothera elata
	Oenothera elata subsp. hookeri
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Myrtales
Family:	Onagraceae
Genus:	Oenothera
Species:	O. elata
Binomial name
	Oenothera elata; Kunth

Short description: Species of flowering plant

Oenothera elata is a species of Oenothera known by the common name Hooker's evening primrose or tall evening primrose. Subspecies include hookeri, hirsutissima, longisima, jamesii, villosa and elata.^[1] It is native to much of western and central North America. The plants are quite tall, especially the hookeri subspecies, native to California , which can reach about 1.8 meters (6 feet) height.^[2] The plants are found along roadsides, in moist meadows, or in woodland, from sea level up to 9,000 ft (2,700 m) in elevation.^[3]

Description

The stout, usually reddish stem has many long, narrow leaves, above a basal rosette. At its top is a large, open cluster of 2- to 4-inch wide yellow flowers with 4 large petals and protruding yellow stamens and 4-branched pistil, often covered in sticky pollen. The fragrant flowers open at dusk and wilt the next morning, turning orange or red.^[3]

Uses

The Zuni people apply a poultice of the powdered flower of the hookeri subspecies and saliva at night to swellings.^[4]

Gallery

Oenothera elata (Hooker's evening primrose), Irvine CA
Oenothera elata flowers, Eastern Sierra, CA
E. elata var hookeri, Water Conservation Garden, El Cajon CA
Oenothera elata: basal & stem leaves, reddish stems, large yellow flowers, & drying orange-red flowers

References

↑ {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Oenothera elata | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 19 January 2018 }}
↑ "Botanica. The Illustrated AZ of over 10000 garden plants and how to cultivate them", p. 612. Könemann, 2004. ISBN:3-8331-1253-0
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Laird R. Blackwell (2002). Wildflowers of the Eastern Sierra and Adjoining Mojave Desert and Great Basin. Lone Pine Publishing. ISBN 978-1-55105-281-6.
↑ Camazine, Scott; Bye, Robert A. (1980). "A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2 (4): 365–388 [377]. doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(80)81017-8. PMID 6893476.

External links

Calflora Database: Oenothera elata (Hooker's evening primrose)
Jepson Manual eFlora treatment of Oenothera elata
Photo gallery

Wikidata ☰ Q7078660 entry

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[1] {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Oenothera elata | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 19 January 2018 }}

[Botanica_612-2] "Botanica. The Illustrated AZ of over 10000 garden plants and how to cultivate them", p. 612. Könemann, 2004. ISBN:3-8331-1253-0

[ESierra-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Laird R. Blackwell (2002). Wildflowers of the Eastern Sierra and Adjoining Mojave Desert and Great Basin. Lone Pine Publishing. ISBN 978-1-55105-281-6.

[4] Camazine, Scott; Bye, Robert A. (1980). "A Study Of The Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2 (4): 365–388 [377]. doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(80)81017-8. PMID 6893476.