A stock market is a list of stocks, or jointly held and publicly traded shares of a corporations.[1] The stocks usually bear some relation to each other: for example, in America, the Dow Jones Industrial Average is a list of longtime successful American companies (despite its name very few of the current companies are actually industrial), whereas the Nasdaq consists mostly of technology-based stocks. Other major cities in industrailized countries have stock exchanges, including "London, Paris, Milan, Hong Kong, Toronto and Tokyo."[2]
Market capitalization is the amount a company is worth in its publicly trade stock, and a ranking of the companies having the highest capitalization is easily accessible.[3] The total market capitalization of all the publicly traded stocks in the United States, including the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, was about 36 trillion dollars as of September 30, 2020.[4]
Stocks trade as futures after the markets close, which can be indicative of how they will open the following morning.[5]
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