List Of Orbital Launch Systems

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Further information: Astronomy:Comparison of orbital launch systems

This is a list of conventional orbital launch systems. This is composed of launch vehicles, and other conventional systems, used to place satellites into orbit.

Argentina

  • ORBIT II – Retired[1]
  • TRONADOR – Under Development[2]

Australia

  • AUSROCK IV – Retired
  • Eris (Gilmour Space Technologies) – Under Development

Brazil

  • VLS-1 – Retired
  • VLM – Under Development

Canada

  • Aurora – Under development

China

Several rockets of the Long March family
Long March 2F
  • Ceres-1
  • Feng Bao 1 – Retired
  • Gravity
    • Gravity-1
    • Gravity-2 – Under development
  • Hyperbola-1
  • Jielong
    • Jielong 1
    • Jielong 3
  • Kaituozhe-1 – Retired
  • Kuaizhou
  • Long March
    • Long March 1 – Retired
      • Long March 1D
    • Long March 2
      • Long March 2A – Retired
      • Long March 2C
      • Long March 2D
      • Long March 2E – Retired
      • Long March 2F
    • Long March 3 – Retired
      • Long March 3A
      • Long March 3B
      • Long March 3B/E
      • Long March 3C
    • Long March 4
      • Long March 4A – Retired
      • Long March 4B
      • Long March 4C
    • Long March 5
      • Long March 5B
    • Long March 6
      • Long March 6A
    • Long March 7
      • Long March 7A
    • Long March 8
    • Long March 9 – Under Development
    • Long March 10– Under Development
    • Long March 11
  • Tianlong-2
  • Zhuque
    • Zhuque-1 – Retired
    • Zhuque-2
    • Zhuque-3 – Under Development
  • ZK-1A

European Union

Ariane 5
  • Ariane
    • Ariane 1 – Retired
    • Ariane 2 – Retired
    • Ariane 3 – Retired
    • Ariane 4 – Retired
    • Ariane 5 – Retired
    • Ariane 6 – Under Development
    • Ariane Next – Under Development
  • Europa – Retired
    • Europa I – Retired
    • Europa II – Retired
  • Vega
    • Vega – Operational
    • Vega-C – Operational
    • Vega-E – Under Development

France

  • Diamant – Retired
    • Diamant A – Retired 1965-1967[3]
    • Diamant B – Retired 1970-1971[3]
    • Diamant BP4 – Retired 1972-1975[3]
  • Zéphyr (Latitude) – Under Development

Germany

  • OTRAG – Retired
  • Spectrum (Isar Aerospace) – Under Development[4]
  • RFA One (Rocket Factory Augsburg AG) – Under Development
  • SL1 (HyImpulse) – Under Development

India

ISRO's launch vehicles. Left to right: SLV, ASLV, PSLV, GSLV, LVM3
RLV
Human Rated Launch Vehicle (HRLV)
Vikram series, the under development orbital class launch family of Skyroot Aerospace in comparison with already flown Vikram S, the sounding rocket
ISRO/DoS systems
  • SLV-3 – Retired
  • Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) – Retired
  • Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)
    • PSLV-G – Retired
    • PSLV-CA – Operational
    • PSLV-XL – Operational
    • PSLV-DL – Operational
    • PSLV-QL – Operational
  • Geosychronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
    • GSLV Mark I – Retired
    • GSLV Mark II – Operational
    • RLV TD: GSLV derived ascent vehicle for RLV ORE campaign.[5][6][7]
  • Launch Vehicle Mark III (LVM-3)
    • LVM 3 – Operational
    • Human-rated LVM 3 – Under development
    • LVM 3 with semi-cryogenic engine – Under development
  • Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) – Operational
  • Nano Satellite Launch Vehicle (NSLV) – Under development
  • Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) – Under development[8][9]
Private agencies
  • Vikram (rocket family) (Skyroot Aerospace):
    • Vikram I – Under Development
    • Vikram II – Proposed
    • Vikram III – Proposed
Agnibaan
  • Agnibaan (AgniKul Cosmos) – Under Development
  • Garuda-I (MTAR) - Under development

Iran

Simorgh SLV
  • Safir – Retired
  • Simorgh
  • Qased
  • Qaem 100
  • Zuljanah – Under Development

Iraq

  • Al Abid – Abandoned in R&D phase[10]

Israel

  • Shavit 2

Italy

  • SISPRE C-41 – Retired
  • Italian LTV SCOUT (jointly with United States of America ) – Retired
  • AERITALIA/SNIA/BPD ALFA – Retired
  • ALENIA/SNIA-BPD SAN MARCO SCOUT (jointly with NASA) – Cancelled
  • Vega (jointly with European Space Agency)
    • Vega – Retired
    • Vega-C – Operational
  • T4i Odyssey – Under Development

Italian Rockets

Japan

Mu rockets
H-II series
Εpsilon
  • Lambda – Retired
    • L-4S
  • Mu – Retired
    • M-4S [ja][11]
    • M-3C [ja][12]
    • M-3H [ja][13]
    • M-3S [ja; pl][14]
    • M-3SII [ja; pl][15]
    • M-V
  • N – Retired
    • N-I
    • N-II
  • H-I – Retired
  • H-II
    • H-II – Retired
    • H-IIA
    • H-IIB – Retired
  • H3 – Operational
  • J-I – Retired
  • GX – Cancelled
  • Epsilon
  • SS-520
  • ZERO – Under Development

Malaysia

  • DNLV (Independence-X Aerospace) – Under Development

New Zealand

  • Electron (Rocket Lab, developed in New Zealand[16] and the United States)
  • Neutron – Under Development

North Korea

  • Chollima-1
  • Paektusan-1 – Retired
  • Unha
    • Unha-2 – Retired
    • Unha-3

Taiwan

  • TSLV – Under Development[17][18]
  • Hapith V – Under Development[19][20]
  • HTTP-3a – Under Development[21]

Philippines

  • Haribon SLS-1 (OrbitX) – Under Development

Romania

  • Haas – Under Development

Singapore

  • Volans (Equatorial Space Systems) – Under Development

Soviet Union and successor states (Russia and Ukraine)

Russia/USSR
Proton-K
Soyuz-FG
Dnepr-1
Angara Family
  • Angara
  • CORONA (SSTO) – Open
  • Kosmos – Retired
    • Kosmos-1
    • Kosmos-2I
    • Kosmos-3
    • Kosmos-3M
  • Lin Industrial projects[22]
    • Adler – Under Development[23]
    • Aldan – Under Development[24]
    • Aniva – Under Development[25]
    • Taymyr – Under Development[26]
    • Vyuga – Under Development
  • N1 – Retired
  • R-7
    • Luna – Retired
    • Molniya – Retired
      • Molniya-M
      • Molniya-L
    • Polyot – Retired
    • Soyuz family
      • Soyuz – Retired
        • Soyuz-L
        • Soyuz-M
        • Soyuz-U – Retired
          • Soyuz-U2
          • Soyuz-FG
        • Soyuz-2
          • Soyuz 2.1A
          • Soyuz 2.1B
          • Soyuz 2.1V
    • Sputnik – Retired
    • Stalker (rocket)[27]
    • Voskhod – Retired
    • Vostok – Retired
      • Vostok-L
      • Vostok-K
      • Vostok-2
      • Vostok-2M
      • Soyuz/Vostok
  • R-29
    • Shtil'
    • Volna
  • Rus-M – Canceled
  • Start-1
  • Universal Rocket
    • UR-100
      • Rokot
      • Strela
    • Proton (UR-500) – Retired
      • Proton-K
      • Proton-M
  • Energia – Retired


Ukraine
  • Zenit
    • Zenit 2 – Retired
    • Zenit-2M – Retired
    • Zenit-3SL
    • Zenit 3SLB
    • Zenit-3F
  • R-36
    • Dnepr
    • Tsyklon
      • Tsyklon-2 – Retired
      • Tsyklon-3 – Retired
      • Tsyklon-4 – Abandoned
        • Cyclone-4M – Under Development[28]

South Africa

  • RSA – Cancelled
    • RSA-1
    • RSA-2
    • RSA-3
  • CHEETAH-1 – Under Development[29]

South Korea

  • Blue Whale 1 (Perigee Aerospace) – Under Development
  • Icarus family (Innospace) – Under Development[30]
    • Icarus-N
    • Icarus-M
    • Icarus-S
  • Naro family
    • KSLV-1 (Naro) – Retired[31][32]
    • KSLV-2 (Nuri)
  • Solid fueled LV family
    • Solid fueled TV2
    • Solid fueled LV – Under Development

Spain

  • INTA Family
    • INTA Capricornio – Cancelled
    • INTA Programa PILUM – Under Development
  • PLD Space Family
    • PLD Space Miura 5 – Under development
    • PLD Space Miura 1 – Launched[33]
  • Pangea Aerospace Family
    • Pangea Aerospace Meso – Under development
  • Zero 2 Infinity Family
    • Zero 2 Infinity Bloostar – Under development
  • Celestia Aerospace Family
    • Celestia Aerospace Sagittarius – Under development

Turkey

  • UFS – Under Development since 2007[34]

United Kingdom

  • Black Arrow – Retired
  • Black Prince – Cancelled[35]
  • Prime (Orbex) – Under Development[36]
  • Skyrora XL (Skyrora) – Under Development[37]
  • Skylon (Reaction Engines) – Under Development

United States

Active

Atlas rockets
Delta rockets
Falcon rockets and Starship
  • Alpha (Firefly Aerospace)
  • Antares (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
  • Atlas V (United Launch Alliance)
  • Electron (Rocket Lab) (New Zealand/United States company)
  • Minotaur (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
    • Minotaur I
    • Minotaur IV
    • Minotaur V
    • Minotaur-C
  • Pegasus (Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems)
  • RS1 (ABL Space Systems)
  • Space Launch System (NASA)
  • SpaceX launch vehicles
    • Falcon 9 Block 5 – Operational
    • Falcon Heavy – Operational
    • Starship – Under development
  • Vulcan Centaur (United Launch Alliance)

Inactive

Comparison of Saturn V, Space Shuttle, three Ares rockets, and SLS Block 1
Titan rockets
  • Ares – Canceled
    • Ares I
    • Ares IV
    • Ares V
  • Astra Space launch vehicles
    • Rocket 3 – Retired
    • Rocket 4 – Under development
  • Athena – Retired
    • Athena I
    • Athena II
  • Atlas
    • Atlas B – Retired
    • Atlas D – Retired
    • Atlas-Able – Retired
    • Atlas-Agena – Retired
    • Atlas E/F – Retired
    • Atlas H – Retired
    • Atlas LV-3B – Retired
    • Atlas SLV-3 – Retired
    • Atlas-Centaur – Retired
      • Atlas G – Retired
      • Atlas I – Retired
      • Atlas II – Retired
      • Atlas III – Retired
  • Conestoga – Retired
  • LauncherOne
  • Minotaur
    • Minotaur I
    • Minotaur IV
    • Minotaur V
    • Minotaur-C
  • New Glenn (Blue Origin) – Under Development[38]
  • OmegA – Canceled
  • Orbital Accelerator (SpinLaunch) – Under Development[39]
  • Phantom Express – Canceled
  • Pilot – Retired
  • Redstone – Retired
    • Juno I
    • Sparta
  • Jupiter
    • Juno II
  • Relativity Space launch vehicles
    • Terran 1 – Retired
    • Terran R – Under Development
  • Saturn
    • Saturn I – Retired 1961-1963[40][41]
      • Saturn IB – Retired 1966-1975[42][43]
    • Saturn V – Retired 1967-1973[44]
  • Scout – Retired
    • Scout X-1
    • Scout X-2
    • Scout X-2B
    • Scout X-2M
    • Scout X-3
    • Scout X-3M
    • Scout X-4
    • Scout A
    • Scout A-1
    • Scout B
    • Scout B-1
    • Scout D-1
    • Scout E-1
    • Scout F-1
    • Scout G-1
  • Space Shuttle – Retired
  • SpaceX launch vehicles
    • Falcon 1 – Retired
    • Falcon 1e – Canceled
    • Falcon 5 – Canceled
    • Falcon 9
      • Falcon 9 Air – Canceled
      • Falcon 9 v1.0 – Retired
      • Falcon 9 v1.1 – Retired
      • Falcon 9 Full Thrust – Retired
    • Super Heavy (booster) – Under Development
  • Thor – Retired
    • Thor-Able – Retired
    • Thor-Ablestar – Retired
    • Thor-Agena – Retired
      • Thorad-Agena – Retired
    • Thor-Burner – Retired
    • Thor DSV-2U – Retired
    • Delta
      • Thor-Delta – Retired
      • Delta A – Retired
      • Delta B – Retired
      • Delta C – Retired
      • Delta D – Retired
      • Delta E – Retired
      • Delta G – Retired
      • Delta J – Retired
      • Delta L – Retired
      • Delta M – Retired
      • Delta N – Retired
      • Delta II – Retired
      • Delta III – Retired
      • Delta IV – Retired
      • Delta IV Heavy – Operational
  • Titan – Retired
    • Titan II GLV
    • Titan 23G
    • Titan IIIA
    • Titan IIIB
    • Titan IIIC
    • Titan IIID
    • Titan IIIE
    • Titan 34D
    • Commercial Titan III
    • Titan IV
  • Vanguard – Retired
  • Vector-R – Under Development
  • Vector-H – Under Development

See also

  • Comparison of orbital launch systems
  • Comparison of orbital launcher families
  • Lists of orbital launch vehicles by payload capacity:
    • Small-lift launch vehicle (up to 2,000kg to Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
    • Medium-lift launch vehicle (from 2,000 to 20,000kg to LEO)
    • Heavy-lift launch vehicle (from 20,000 to 50,000kg to LEO)
    • Super heavy-lift launch vehicle (beyond 50,000kg to LEO)

References

  1. ↑ "Argentina Missile Chronology". http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/argentina_missile.pdf. 
  2. ↑ "Argentina Plans First Domestic Satellite Launch". Parabolic Arc. 2011-10-09. http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/10/09/argentina-plans-first-domestic-satellite-launch/. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Nov. 26, 1965: France Begins Launch Legacy with Diamant". https://spacenews.com/nov-26-1965-france-begins-launch-legacy-diamant/. 
  4. ↑ "German startups launch mini-rocket challenge to SpaceX and co." (in en). 2021-08-04. https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210804-german-startups-launch-mini-rocket-challenge-to-spacex-and-co. 
  5. ↑ "Department of Space,Annual Report 2020-21". 4 March 2021. p. 61. https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/anual_report_2020-2021_english.pdf. "GEV for Orbital Re-entry Experiment (ORE): Launch with 1:8 scale RLV, targeted in first quarter of 2022." 
  6. ↑ "Reusable Launch Vehicle". https://www.vssc.gov.in/Reusable_launch_Vehicle.html. 
  7. ↑ "75 Major Activities of ISRO". p. 31. https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/article-files/azadi-ka-amrit-mahotsav/75-major-events-of-isro-coffee-table-book/coffee_table_book_-_05-02-22_-_fv.pdf. "In ORE, a scaled up wing body will be taken to an orbit by an ascent vehicle derived from existing GSLV and it stays in orbit for a stipulated period, re-enter and lands on a runway autonomously. The ascent vehicle has first two stages of GSLV viz S139+4L40S & GS2 and a third stage with modified PS4 propulsion system. The winged body which is a scaled up version of the RLV in RLV-TD HEX-01 mission is the fourth stage and this is called Orbital Re-entry Vehicle (ORV). This has a deployable Landing Gear System." 
  8. ↑ "ISRO developing heavy lift launch vehicles". 30 May 2015. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/isro-developing-heavy-lift-launch-vehicles/article7262881.ece. 
  9. ↑ "ISRO developing new rocket to replace PSLV". 13 October 2022. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2022/oct/13/isro-developing-new-rocket-to-replace-pslv-2507752.html. 
  10. ↑ "Al-Abid LV". http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Al_Abid/Description/Frame.htm. 
  11. ↑ "M-4S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/rockets/vehicles/mu/m4s.shtml. 
  12. ↑ "M-3C / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/rockets/vehicles/mu/m3c.shtml. 
  13. ↑ "M-3H / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/rockets/vehicles/mu/m3h.shtml. 
  14. ↑ "M-3S / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/rockets/vehicles/mu/m3s.shtml. 
  15. ↑ "M-3SII / Satellite Launch Vehicles". ISAS. http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/rockets/vehicles/mu/m3s2.shtml. 
  16. ↑ "Rocket Lab Celebrates Rich Ten-Year History". Rocket Lab USA. June 30, 2016. https://www.rocketlabusa.com/news/updates/rocket-lab-celebrates-rich-ten-year-history/. 
  17. ↑ "TSLV". http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/TSLV/Description/Frame.htm. 
  18. ↑ "Launch vehicles - Taiwan (Republic of China)". https://space.skyrocket.de/directories/launcher_taiwan.htm. 
  19. ↑ "Taiwan's TiSPACE Enters Crowded Small Satellite Launch Market with Large Ambitions - SpaceWatch.Global". 20 December 2019. https://spacewatch.global/2019/12/taiwans-tispace-enters-crowded-small-satellite-launch-market-with-large-ambitions/. 
  20. ↑ "TECHNOLOGY - TiSPACE". http://www.tispace.com/launch.html. 
  21. ↑ "About | Arrc". https://arrc.tw/about/. 
  22. ↑ "Home". http://en.spacelin.ru/. 
  23. ↑ "Adler smallsat launch vehicle". http://en.spacelin.ru/projects/adler-smallsat-launch-vehicle/. 
  24. ↑ "Aldan microsat launch vehicle". http://en.spacelin.ru/projects/aldan-microsat-launch-vehicle/. 
  25. ↑ "Aniva microsat launch vehicle". http://en.spacelin.ru/projects/aniva-microsat-launch-vehicle/. 
  26. ↑ "Taymyr Microsat Launch Vehicle". http://en.spacelin.ru/projects/taymyr-microsat-launch-vehicle/. 
  27. ↑ "Кто зарабатывает на космосе в России и мире" (in ru). RBC Trends. 2021-05-17. https://trends.rbc.ru/trends/industry/609e90409a794700dab35d24. 
  28. ↑ Golubeva, Alena (9 April 2021). "Максим Дегтярев: «Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти»" (in ru). GMK Center. https://gmk.center/interview/maksim-degtyarev-spros-na-vyvedenie-gruzov-na-orbitu-budet-rasti/. 
  29. ↑ "CHEETAH-1". b14643.de. http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/CHEETAH-1/Description/Frame.htm. 
  30. ↑ "5t급 국산 우주 로켓엔진 불 뿜었다…하이브리드 로켓엔진 개발하는 이노스페이스는 어떤 기업인가" (in ko). 27 January 2021. https://m.dongascience.com/news.php?idx=43504. 
  31. ↑ Tong-hyung, Kim (2008-07-23). "Russia Dragging Feet Over Korean Rocket Launch". Korea Times. https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/tech/2008/12/133_28047.html. 
  32. ↑ "South Korea's First Rocket Launch Might Be Put Off". Space-Travel.com. 2008-07-24. http://www.space-travel.com/reports/South_Korea_First_Rocket_Launch_Might_Be_Put_Off_999.html. 
  33. ↑ Limón, Raúl (2023-10-06). "El ‘Miura 1’ despega con éxito desde Huelva y mete a España en el exclusivo club de países con acceso al espacio" (in es). https://elpais.com/ciencia/2023-10-06/lanzamiento-del-miura-1.html. 
  34. ↑ "UFS". http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/UFS/Description/Frame.htm. 
  35. ↑ "Black Prince (project)". http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/West_Europe/BlackPrince/Description/Frame.htm. 
  36. ↑ "Startup Company Orbex Reveals Prime Rocket That Could Launch From The U.K. In 2021". Forbes. 2019-02-07. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanocallaghan/2019/02/07/startup-company-orbex-reveals-prime-rocket-that-could-launch-from-the-uk-in-2021/#252c8ea65fc6. 
  37. ↑ "Skyrora Reveals Launch Of Second Private Rocket From U.K. Soil". Forbes. 2019-08-08. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanocallaghan/2019/08/08/skyrora-reveals-launch-of-second-commercial-rocket-from-u-k-soil/#641cba1862f8. 
  38. ↑ "Jeff Bezos is not screwing around with his plans to colonize space". ars Technica. 2016-09-12. https://arstechnica.com/science/2016/09/blue-origin-unveils-plans-to-fly-a-monster-rocket-by-decades-end/. 
  39. ↑ Wattles, Jackie (2022-05-11). "Watch a space startup spin a projectile into the sky at more than 1,000 miles per hour | CNN Business" (in en). https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/11/tech/spinlaunch-test-launch-footage-scn/index.html. 
  40. ↑ Mars, Kelli (2021-10-26). "60 Years Ago: First Launch of a Saturn Rocket". http://www.nasa.gov/feature/60-years-ago-first-launch-of-a-saturn-rocket. 
  41. ↑ Mohon, Lee (2021-03-31). "SA-4 Launches – March 28, 1963". http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/images/this-week-in-nasa-history-sa-4-launches-march-28-1963.html. 
  42. ↑ Smith, Yvette (2020-02-26). "First Flight of Saturn IB". http://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/first-flight-of-saturn-ib. 
  43. ↑ Mohon, Lee (2021-07-14). "Final Launch of the Saturn IB – July 15, 1975". http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/this-week-in-nasa-history-final-launch-of-the-saturn-ib-july-15-1975.html. 
  44. ↑ "What Was the Saturn V?". https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/337/what-was-the-saturn-v. 



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