Copper(Ii) Phosphate

Copper(II) phosphate
Names
	IUPAC name copper(II) phosphate
	Other names tricopper diphosphate ; tricopper bis(orthophosphate)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7798-23-4 trihydrate ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	77984 ;
PubChem CID	86469;
UNII	N8NP6FR80R ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3Cu.2H3O4P/c;;;21-5(2,3)4/h;;;2(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+2;;/p-6 Key: GQDHEYWVLBJKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H;
	SMILES [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2];
Properties
Chemical formula	Cu3(PO4)2
Molar mass	380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous) ; 434.63 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance	light bluish-green powder (anhydrous) ; blue or olive crystals (trihydrate)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility product (Ksp)	1.4×10−37
Solubility	anhydrous: ; soluble in ammonia trihydrate: ; soluble in ammonium hydroxide ; slightly soluble in acetone ; insoluble in ethanol
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic (trihydrate)
Hazards
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)
Related compounds
Other cations	Iron(II) phosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

Copper(II) phosphate are inorganic compounds with the formula Cu₃(PO₄)₂^.n(H₂O). They can be regarded as the cupric salts of phosphoric acid. Anhydrous copper(II) phosphate and a trihydrate are blue solids.

Preparation

Hydrated copper(II) phosphate precipitates upon addition of a solution of alkali metal phosphate to an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate.^[3] The anhydrous material can be produced by a high-temperature (1000 °C) reaction between diammonium phosphate and copper(II) oxide.^[4]

2 (NH₄)₂HPO₄ + 3 CuO → Cu₃(PO₄)₂ + 3 H₂O + 4 NH₃

Structure

In terms of structure, copper(II) phosphates are coordination polymers, as is typical for most metal phosphates. The phosphate center is tetrahedral. In the anhydrous material, the copper centers are pentacoordinate. In the monohydrate, the copper adopt 6-, 5-, and 4-coordinate geometries.^[5]

Structure of Cu₃(PO₄)₂(H₂O).

Minerals

It is relatively commonly encountered as the hydrated species Cu₂(PO₄)OH, which is green and occurs naturally as the mineral libethenite. Pseudomalachite, Cu₅(PO₄)₂(OH)₄, is the most common Cu phosphate in the nature, typical for some oxidation zones of Cu ore deposits.^[6]^[7]

References

↑ John Rumble (June 18, 2018) (in English). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN 978-1138561632.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0150.html.
↑ Richardson, H. Wayne (2000). "Copper Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_567. ISBN 3527306730.
↑ Shoemaker, G. L.; Anderson, J. B.; Kostiner, E. (15 September 1977). "Copper(II) phosphate". Acta Crystallographica Section B 33 (9): 2969–2972. doi:10.1107/S0567740877010012.
↑ Effenberger, H. (1985). "Cu3(PO4)2 · H2O: Synthese und Kristallstruktur". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 57 (2): 240–247. doi:10.1016/S0022-4596(85)80014-1. Bibcode: 1985JSSCh..57..240E.
↑ [https://www.mindat.org/min-3299.html Pseudomalachite on Mindat
↑ "List of Minerals". 21 March 2011. https://www.ima-mineralogy.org/Minlist.htm.

External links

Handbook of chemistry and physics http://www.hbcpnetbase.com/

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[crc-1] John Rumble (June 18, 2018) (in English). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN 978-1138561632.

[PGCH-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0150.html.

[3] Richardson, H. Wayne (2000). "Copper Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_567. ISBN 3527306730.

[4] Shoemaker, G. L.; Anderson, J. B.; Kostiner, E. (15 September 1977). "Copper(II) phosphate". Acta Crystallographica Section B 33 (9): 2969–2972. doi:10.1107/S0567740877010012.

[5] Effenberger, H. (1985). "Cu3(PO4)2 · H2O: Synthese und Kristallstruktur". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 57 (2): 240–247. doi:10.1016/S0022-4596(85)80014-1. Bibcode: 1985JSSCh..57..240E.

[6] [https://www.mindat.org/min-3299.html Pseudomalachite on Mindat

[IMA-7] "List of Minerals". 21 March 2011. https://www.ima-mineralogy.org/Minlist.htm.

v t e Copper compounds
Cu(0,I)	Cu₅Si
Cu(I)	CuBr CuCN CuCl CuF CuH CuI Cu₂C₂ Cu₂Cr₂O₅ Cu₂O CuOH CuNO₃ Cu₃P Cu₂S CuSCN
Cu(I,II)	Cu₃H₄O₈S₂
Cu(II)	Cu(BF₄)₂ CuBr₂ CuC₂ CuCO₃ Cu(CN)₂ Cu(ClO₃)₂ CuCl₂ CuF₂ Cu(NO₃)₂ Cu₃(PO₄)₂ Cu(N₃)₂ CuO CuO₂ Cu(OH)₂ CuI₂ CuS CuSO₄ Cu₃(AsO₄)₂
Cu(III)	K₃CuF₆ Cu₂O₃
Cu(IV)	Cs₂CuF₆ Rb₂CuF₆

Names


IUPAC name copper(II) phosphate
Other names tricopper diphosphate tricopper bis(orthophosphate)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7798-23-4 trihydrate^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	77984^Y
PubChem CID	86469
UNII	N8NP6FR80R^Y
InChI InChI=1S/3Cu.2H3O4P/c;;;21-5(2,3)4/h;;;2(H3,1,2,3,4)/q3*+2;;/p-6 Key: GQDHEYWVLBJKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-H
SMILES [O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2]
Properties
Chemical formula	Cu₃(PO₄)₂
Molar mass	380.580722 g/mol (anhydrous) 434.63 g/mol (trihydrate)
Appearance	light bluish-green powder (anhydrous) blue or olive crystals (trihydrate)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility product (K_sp)	1.4×10⁻³⁷^[1]
Solubility	anhydrous: soluble in ammonia trihydrate: soluble in ammonium hydroxide slightly soluble in acetone insoluble in ethanol
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic (trihydrate)
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m³ (as Cu)^[2]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m³ (as Cu)^[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m³ (as Cu)^[2]
Related compounds
Other cations	Iron(II) phosphate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references