Schoenoplectus Pungens

Schoenoplectus pungens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Cyperaceae
Genus:	Schoenoplectus
Species:	S. pungens
Binomial name
	Schoenoplectus pungens; (Vahl) Palla
Synonyms
	Scirpus pungens Vahl; Heleogiton pungens (Vahl) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler & H.G.L.Reichenbach; Scirpus americanus var. pungens (Vahl) Barros & Osten;

Short description: Species of grass-like plant

Schoenoplectus pungens is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known as common threesquare,^[2] common three-square bulrush^[3] and sharp club-rush.^[4] It is a herbaceous emergent plant that is widespread across much of North and South America as well as Europe, New Zealand and Australia .^[1]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]

Habitat

Threesquare is found in open, sun-lit marshes and along the shores of lakes and ponds, in water up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) deep. It is resistant to fire.^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]

Description

Schoenoplectus pungens is a long-lived perennial herb up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) tall.^[13] The foliage is dark green, rough and dense. The small flowers are grouped in dense spikelets, with of 1–7 spikelets on each stem.^[13] The seeds are brown.^[13]

It is closely related to S. americanus, and many S. pungens specimens have long been misidentified as S. americanus.^[3]

Painting by Jacob Sturm in Deutschlands Flora in Abbildungen
At the Botanical Garden of Goethe University Frankfurt

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
↑ "Schoenoplectus pungens". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SCPU10. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Flora of North America
↑ (xls) BSBI List 2007, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, https://bsbi.org/download/3542/, retrieved 2014-10-17
↑ "Family Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla". Wisplants. http://wisplants.uwsp.edu/scripts/detail.asp?SpCode=SCHPUN. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
↑ Jermy, C., Simpson, D., Foley, M. & Porter, M. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. B.S.B.I. Handbook No. 1 , ed. 3: 1-554. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.
↑ Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
↑ Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2008). Flora Iberica 18: 1-420. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.
↑ Rothrock, P.E. (2009). Sedges of Indiana and adjacent states: the non-Carex species: 1-271. Indiana Academy of Sciences.
↑ Danylyk, I.M. & Honcharenko, V.I. (2009). Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla (Cyperaceae), a new species for of the Ukrainian flora. Ukrayins'k Botanichnyi Zhurnal 66: 650-655.
↑ Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
↑ "Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla". CalFlora. http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=10359. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 "Conservation Plant Characteristics". USDA.gov. http://plants.usda.gov/java/charProfile?symbol=SCPUP5. Retrieved 4 February 2013.
↑ "Schoenoplectus pungens v. pungens (Scirpus pungens, Scirpus americanus)". Native Plant Center. http://www.nativeplantcenter.net/?q=plants/791. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
↑ "Scirpus pungens Vahl three square". CalFlora. http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Scirpus+pungens. Retrieved 4 February 2013.

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment
Washington Burke Museum
Photo gallery

Wikidata ☰ Q3475920 entry

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoenoplectus pungens. Read more

[tabby-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[2] "Schoenoplectus pungens". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SCPU10. Retrieved 1 February 2016.

[fna-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Flora of North America

[BSBI07-4] (xls) BSBI List 2007, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, https://bsbi.org/download/3542/, retrieved 2014-10-17

[Wisplants-5] "Family Cyperaceae Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla". Wisplants. http://wisplants.uwsp.edu/scripts/detail.asp?SpCode=SCHPUN. Retrieved 4 February 2013.

[6] Jermy, C., Simpson, D., Foley, M. & Porter, M. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. B.S.B.I. Handbook No. 1 , ed. 3: 1-554. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London.

[7] Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

[8] Castroviejo, S. & al. (eds.) (2008). Flora Iberica 18: 1-420. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid.

[9] Rothrock, P.E. (2009). Sedges of Indiana and adjacent states: the non-Carex species: 1-271. Indiana Academy of Sciences.

[10] Danylyk, I.M. & Honcharenko, V.I. (2009). Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla (Cyperaceae), a new species for of the Ukrainian flora. Ukrayins'k Botanichnyi Zhurnal 66: 650-655.

[11] Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

[CalFlora-12] "Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla". CalFlora. http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=10359. Retrieved 4 February 2013.

[usda-13] 13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 "Conservation Plant Characteristics". USDA.gov. http://plants.usda.gov/java/charProfile?symbol=SCPUP5. Retrieved 4 February 2013.

[NativePC-14] "Schoenoplectus pungens v. pungens (Scirpus pungens, Scirpus americanus)". Native Plant Center. http://www.nativeplantcenter.net/?q=plants/791. Retrieved 4 January 2013.

[CalFloraPungens-15] "Scirpus pungens Vahl three square". CalFlora. http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Scirpus+pungens. Retrieved 4 February 2013.