This is a list of proposed spacecraft that are planned to focus on the exploration of the Solar System, ordered by date of spacecraft launch.
Contents
1Planned or scheduled
2Long-term proposals
3See also
4References
Planned or scheduled
Mission name
Launch date
Description
Ref(s)
IM-1
Lunar lander
[1][2]
Chang'e 6
Lunar south pole sample return mission
[3][4]
Blue Ghost M1
Lunar lander
[5][6]
MMX
Martian moon sample return mission
[7][8][9]
Europa Clipper
Jupiter orbiter, Europa multiple flyby
[10][11][12]
Hera
Asteroid 65803 Didymos rendezvous
[13]
VIPER
Lunar rover
[14][15][16]
Rocket Lab Venus Probe
Venus atmospheric probe
[17]
DESTINY+
Asteroid 3200 Phaethon flyby
[18][19]
Tera-hertz Explorer
Mars orbiter and lander
[20][21]
Tianwen-2
Asteroid 469219 Kamoʻoalewa sample return, comet 311P/PanSTARRS orbiter
[22]
Artemis II
4-person lunar flyby
[23][24]
Artemis III
September 2026
4-person lunar flyby, 2-person lunar landing
[23][25]
Chang'e 7
Lunar south pole lander, rover and flying probe
[26]
Luna 26
Lunar orbiter
[27]
Dragonfly
Titan rotorcraft lander
[28][29]
Luna 27
Lunar lander
[27]
Tianwen-3
Mars sample return mission
[30]
DAVINCI
June 2029
Venus orbiter and atmospheric probe
[31]
Tianwen-4
Jupiter and Callisto Orbiter, Uranus flyby
[32][33]
Comet Interceptor
Flyby of an Oort Cloud comet
[34][35][36]
VERITAS
2029
Venus orbiter
[31]
Luna 28
Lunar sample return mission
[37]
Long-term proposals
Mission name
Preliminary launch date estimate
Description
Ref(s)
Estimated launch date
Estimate by
Estimate as of
Hakuto-R Mission 2
ispace
2019
Private lunar lander and rover
[38]
Shukrayaan-1
SpaceNews
2020
Venus orbiter
[39]
Mars Orbiter Mission 2
Business Standard
2019
Mars orbiter
[40]
Europa Lander
SpaceNews
2019
Europa lander
[41][42]
Orel spacecraft
RIA Novosti
2018
Uncrewed lunar orbit
[43][44]
NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return
The Space Review
2020
Mars sample return mission
[45]
ExoMars
European Space Agency
2022
Rosalind Franklin, Mars rover
[46][47][48]
Venera-D
Russian Space Research Institute
2021
Venus orbiter and lander
[49]
See also
Timeline of Solar System exploration
List of proposed space observatories
References
↑Foust, Jeff (19 December 2023). "Intuitive Machines delays first lunar lander launch to February". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/intuitive-machines-delays-first-lunar-lander-launch-to-february/.
↑"Intuitive Machines Sets January 2024 for Historic U.S. Lunar Mission". Intuitive Machines (Press release). 27 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.
↑China N' Asia Spaceflight [@CNSpaceflight] (24 November 2022). "Update: 2024 Queqiao-2 data relay 2025 Chang'e-6 lunar sample return from far side 2026 Chang'e-7 lunar landing in south pole 2028 Chang'e-8 basic model of lunar research station". https://twitter.com/CNSpaceflight/status/1595758500977971201.
↑"China aims to launch Chang'e-6 lunar probe around 2024". Xinhua News Agency. 2021-04-24. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-04/24/c_139903600.htm. "China aims to launch the Chang'e-6 probe to collect samples in the South Pole-Aitken Basin on the far side of the moon around 2024, said a space expert on Saturday."
↑Alamalhoadei, Aria (6 November 2023). "Firefly’s Blue Ghost lander represents a big bet on a future lunar economy". TechCrunch. https://techcrunch.com/2023/11/06/fireflys-blue-ghost-lander-represents-a-big-bet-on-a-future-lunar-economy/.
↑"Firefly Completes Integration Readiness Review of its Blue Ghost Lunar Lander". Firefly Aerospace. 26 April 2022. https://firefly.com/firefly-has-completed-the-integration-readiness-review-irr-of-blue-ghost-m1/.
↑Yamakawa, Hiroshi; Le Gall, Jean-Yves; Ehrenfreund, Pascale; Dittus, Hansjörg (October 3, 2018). "Joint Statement with Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and German Aerospace Center (DLR) regarding Martian Moons eXploration" (PDF) (Press release). JAXA. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
↑"Mission Overview・Mission Flow" (in en). http://mmx.isas.jaxa.jp/en/mission/.
↑Foust, Jeff (10 February 2021). "NASA to use commercial launch vehicle for Europa Clipper". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/nasa-to-use-commercial-launch-vehicle-for-europa-clipper/.
↑"Cost growth prompts changes to Europa Clipper instruments" (in en-US). 2020-07-10. https://spacenews.com/cost-growth-prompts-changes-to-europa-clipper-instruments/. "Chodas said that Europa Clipper now has a launch readiness date of 2024, a year later than plans announced last year."
↑"Industry starts work on Europe's Hera planetary defence mission". ESA. 15 September 2020. https://www.esa.int/Safety_Security/Hera/Industry_starts_work_on_Europe_s_Hera_planetary_defence_mission.
↑Loff, Sarah (2019-10-23). "New VIPER Lunar Rover to Map Water Ice on the Moon". http://www.nasa.gov/feature/new-viper-lunar-rover-to-map-water-ice-on-the-moon.
↑Colaprete, Anthony (17 August 2020). "VIPER: A lunar water reconnaissance mission". NASA. https://science.nasa.gov/science-pink/s3fs-public/atoms/files/09-Colaprete-VIPER Overview for PAC 08172020.pdf.
↑Foust, Jeff (31 October 2023). "Rocket Lab plans launch of Venus mission as soon as late 2024". SpaceNews.com. https://spacenews.com/rocket-lab-plans-late-2024-launch-of-venus-mission/.
↑Kuninaka, Hitoshi (19 May 2020). "宇宙科学ミッション打上げ計画について" (in ja). JAXA. https://www.jaxa.jp/press/2020/05/files/20200519-1.pdf#page=7.
↑"DESTINY+: Deep Space Exploration Technology Demonstrator and Explorer to Asteroid 3200 Phaethon". 2017-08-15. http://www.lcpm12.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/1415-1435-Toyota.pdf.
↑Takeshi Kuroda, Yasuko Kasai, Shinichi Nakasuka, Hiroyuki Maezawa, Takayoshi Yamada, Ryohei Takahashi: TEREX-1: A micro-satellite terahertz lander for the exploration of water/oxygen resources on Mars. 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Abstract B0.5-0006-21 (oral), id.223, January 2021.
↑Kasai, Yasuko (13 June 2018). "Tera-hertz Explorer, TEREX, Mission". University of Tsukuba. NICT. https://www2.ccs.tsukuba.ac.jp/Astro/assets/doc/uchu-forum-2018-06-13-kasai.pdf.
↑Jones, Andrew (2022-05-18). "China to launch Tianwen 2 asteroid-sampling mission in 2025" (in en). https://www.space.com/china-tianwen2-asteroid-sampling-mission-2025-launch.
↑ 23.023.1Tingley, Brett (9 January 2024). "Astronauts won't walk on the moon until 2026 after NASA delays next 2 Artemis missions". https://www.space.com/nasa-artemis-2-moon-mission-delay-september-2025.
↑"NASA's Artemis 2 mission set for November 2024". Phys.org. 7 March 2023. https://phys.org/news/2023-03-nasa-artemis-mission-moon-november.html.
↑"Artemis III Launch - NASA" (in en-US). https://www.nasa.gov/event/artemis-iii-launch/.
↑Jones, Andrew (5 August 2020). "China is moving ahead with lunar south pole and near-Earth asteroid missions". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/china-is-moving-ahead-with-lunar-south-pole-and-near-earth-asteroid-missions/.
↑ 27.027.1"Ученый сообщил об активном ходе работ по импортозамещению комплектующих "Луны-27"" (in ru). TASS. 19 July 2023. https://tass.ru/kosmos/18307283.
↑"NASA New Frontiers 5: Third Community Announcement". NASA Science Mission Directorate. 2021-05-12. https://newfrontiers.larc.nasa.gov/NF5/. "The launch date for Dragonfly, the fourth mission in the New Frontiers Program, has been delayed to June 2027."
↑Jones, Andrew (2022-06-20). "China aims to bring Mars samples to Earth 2 years before NASA, ESA mission" (in en-US). https://spacenews.com/china-aims-to-bring-mars-samples-to-earth-2-years-before-nasa-esa-mission/.
↑ 31.031.1"NASA Selects 2 Missions to Study ‘Lost Habitable’ World of Venus - NASA" (in en-US). https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-selects-2-missions-to-study-lost-habitable-world-of-venus/.
↑CNSA Watcher [@CNSAWatcher] (23 December 2023). "Tianwen-4, launching Sept 2029, will journey to Jupiter using Venus & Earth gravity assists. Targeting Jupiter capture by Dec 2035 & a Uranus flyby in March 2045, the mission includes 2 probes, one exploring Jupiter's system and another flying by Uranus.". https://twitter.com/CNSAWatcher/status/1738469749179171088.
↑Andrew Jones published (2022-09-22). "China wants to probe Uranus and Jupiter with 2 spacecraft on one rocket" (in en). https://www.space.com/china-probes-jupiter-uranus-same-launch.
↑"Ariel moves from blueprint to reality". ESA. 12 November 2020. https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Ariel_moves_from_blueprint_to_reality.
↑"ESA's new mission to intercept a comet" (in en-GB). http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/ESA_s_new_mission_to_intercept_a_comet.
↑"Comet Interceptor" (in en-GB). http://www.cometinterceptor.space/.
↑@katlinegrey (11 August 2023). "Yuri Borisov: Roscosmos plans to launch #Luna26 in 2027, Luna-27 - in 2028, and Luna-28 - in 2030 or later. After that, the next goal will be a crewed mission to the Moon.". https://twitter.com/katlinegrey/status/1689922853607550976.
↑"ispace alters Moon mission timelines for greater response to customer needs". NASASpaceFlight.com. 23 August 2019. https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2019/08/ispace-moon-mission-timelines-greater-response-customer/.
↑Mehta, Jatan (2020-11-19). "India's Shukrayaan orbiter to study Venus for over four years, launches in 2024". SpaceNews. https://spacenews.com/indias-shukrayaan-orbiter-to-study-venus-for-over-four-years-launches-in-2024/.
↑"What is Mars Orbiter Mission or Mangalyaan". Business Standard India. https://www.business-standard.com/about/what-is-mangalyaan. "ISRO now plans to develop and launch a follow-up mission called Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (MOM-2 or Mangalyaan-2) in 2024."
↑"In Depth | Europa Lander". https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/europa-lander/in-depth.
↑"Final fiscal year 2019 budget bill secures $21.5 billion for NASA" (in en-US). 2019-02-17. https://spacenews.com/final-fiscal-year-2019-budget-bill-secures-21-5-billion-for-nasa/.
↑""Федерация" без экипажа сможет облететь Луну в 2026 году" (in ru). РИА Новости. 2018-12-07. https://ria.ru/20181207/1547637941.html. "Российский корабль "Федерация" без экипажа на борту впервые может облететь Луну в 2026 году [The Russian Federation spaceship without a crew on board may first fly around the moon in 2026]"
↑"Russia plans to land humans on the Moon in 2031". 20 November 2016. https://www.spaceflightinsider.com/organizations/roscosmos/russia-plans-to-land-humans-on-the-moon-in-2031/.
↑"The Space Review: Taking on the challenge of Mars sample return". 2020-04-27. https://www.thespacereview.com/article/3930/1.
↑"ExoMars Mission (2022)" (in en-GB). http://exploration.esa.int/mars/48088-mission-overview/.
↑"ExoMars official says launch unlikely before 2028" (in en-US). 2022-05-03. https://spacenews.com/exomars-official-says-launch-unlikely-before-2028/.
↑Zak, Anatoly (5 March 2021). "New promise for the Venera-D project". RussianSpaceWeb. http://www.russianspaceweb.com/venera-d-2021.html. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
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