Cleveland

For the 22nd and 24th President, see Grover Cleveland

Cleveland is a city in the state of Ohio located on the southern shore of Lake Erie, and 60 miles from the Pennsylvania border in northeast corner of the state. Cleveland was founded in 1796, near the Cuyahoga River and was a manufacturing center for many years but now has a service based economy. In the 2000 US Census the city of Cleveland had a population of 478,403,^[1] however Greater Cleveland (Cleveland-Akron-Elyria-Mentor Combined Statistical Area) is a larger metropolitan area, with a population of 2,945,831 and is the 14th largest in the United States.^[2] A Major Tourist Attraction in Cleveland is the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

History[edit]

Cleveland was once a major steel manufacturing center and even was an early center of the automobile industry before the latter centered in Detroit, Michigan. The city reached its peak in the 1950s and early 60s, but began to decline after that, due in part to inept leadership and a changing business climate. Under the ill-fated mayorship of Dennis Kucinich, the city defaulted on its loans. In the 1980s, George Voinovich took over as mayor and the city experienced something of a rebirth. The precursor to this was the Playhouse Square project. This project involved rehabilitating and restoring a series of 1920s theaters that had been abandoned and fell into disrepair. Although many viewed the project as a pipe dream, a few dedicated individuals made progress and the city's business community gave heavy support to it, and eventually the restoration effort became a great success and created a vibrant arts district. Both Kucinich and (especially) Voinovich were big supporters of this. Also in the 1980s, the flats district, on the Cuyahoga River, hosted a brief revival and several new buildings were built downtown. The revival continued into the 1990s while Michael White was mayor (Voinovich had become the Ohio's Governor by this point), when the Society Bank (now called Key Bank) built its headquarters on public square, new football, baseball, and basketball venues were built downtown, and the city's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame opened. Cleveland's fortunes declined in the 2000s, but recently there have been signs of a revival: The Flats are being revitalized and a number of major projects are underway downtown, many of which have been supported by the JobsOhio program created by Governor John Kasich.

Cleveland is also prominent in the arts and music. The University Circle neighborhood is home to the acclaimed Cleveland Museum of Art and the internationally renowned Cleveland Orchestra. Several other museums are in this area. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame is located on the waterfront, next to the Great Lakes Science Center.

Government[edit]

Currently, the mayor of Cleveland is Frank G. Jackson, who is in his record breaking fourth term, having first been elected as mayor in 2005. The city has been run by Democratic mayors since 1990, with the last Republican mayor being George V. Voinovich (1980-1989) - who then went on to serve two terms each as Ohio governor (1991-1998) and as U.S. senator from Ohio (1999-2011). The 17-person Cleveland city council is currently comprised exclusively of Democrats.

Sports[edit]

Cleveland is home to the NFL's Browns, the NBA's Cavaliers, Baseball's Indians, and the AHL's Monsters. The Cavaliers rose to prominence in the late 2000s and 2010s under star player LeBron James, who led the Cavs to the NBA Championship in 2016, giving the city it's first major sports title since the 1964 Browns won the NFL Championship.

The Indians have (by and large) been of the top MLB teams from the mid 1990s into the 2010s, winning three American League pennants and winning 10 Central Division titles during that time frame.

The Browns - who had been considered one of the NFL's most respected franchised from the 1940s until the team moving to Baltimore in 1995 - have been known for their futility since returning to the NFL in 1999, with the absolute low point occurring in 2017 when they went 0-16, becoming only the second NFL team to do so in the 16-game season era.

Media[edit]

TV[edit]

The city is served by 10 full power TV stations (with accompanying digital sub channels)

Channel (virtual)	call letters	Network
3	WKYC	NBC Justice Network (.2) Cozi TV (.3) Quest (.4)
5	WEWS	ABC Grit (.2) Laff (.3) Court TV (.4)
8	WJW	Fox Antenna TV (.2) Comet (.3) Charge! (.4)
17	WDLI	Ion Plus
19	WOIO	CBS Me TV/My Network TV (.2)
23	WVPX	Ion Qubo (.2) Ion Shop (.3) QVC (.5) HSN (.6)
25	WVIZ	PBS Ohio Channel (.2) PBS World (.3) Create (.4) PBS Kids (.5)
43	WUAB	CW Bounce (.2)
55	WBNX	Independent Happy Channel (.2) Movies (.3) H & I (.4) Start TV (.5) Decades (.6)
61	WQHS	Univision Unimas (.2) Get TV (.3) Escape (.4)

Radio[edit]

AM

Frequency	Call letters	Branding	Format	Notable programming
850	WKNR	ESPN 850	Sports	Cleveland Browns AM flagship Ohio State Buckeyes ESPN Radio
1000	WCCD	Radio 1000	Religious/gospel
1100	WTAM	Newsradio WTAM 1100	News/talk/sports	Cleveland Indians AM Flagship Cleveland Cavaliers AM flagship Rush Limbaugh Show Glenn Beck Program
1220	WHKW	AM 1220 The Word	Religious
1260	WCCR	AM 1260 The Rock	Religious
1300	WERE	Praise 94.5 (named for FM translator)	Gospel
1420	WHK	AM 1420 The Answer	News/talk	Cleveland State Vikings flagship Akron Zips football Salem Radio Network
1490	WERE	Newstalk 1490 WERE	News/talk
1540	WWGK	ESPN 1540	Sports	ESPN Radio Jim Rome Show

FM

Frequency	Call letters	Branding	Format	Notable programming
87.7	WLFM	87.7 La Mega	Spanish	Cleveland Browns (Spanish) Cleveland Cavaliers (Spanish)
88.3	WBWC	88.3 The Sting	Alternative Rock (Baldwin Wallace University)
88.7	WJCU	--	College radio (John Carroll University)
89.3	WCSB	--	College radio (Cleveland State University)
90.3	WCPN	--	NPR/Jazz
92.3	WFHM	92.3 The Fan	Sports	Cleveland Browns flagship CBS Sports Radio NFL on Westwood One
93.1	WZAK	--	Urban AC	Tom Joyner Show
95.5	WFHM	95.5 The Fish	Christian Contemporary
96.5	WAKS	96.5 KISS FM	Top 40/Current hits	Elvis Duran Morning Show Ryan Seacrest Live
98.5	WNCX	--	Classic rock	Cleveland Browns flagship
99.5	WGAR	--	Country	Bobby Bones Show
100.7	WMMS	The Buzzard	Rock/talk/sports	Cleveland Indians FM Flagship Cleveland Cavaliers FM flagship Rover's Morning Glory
102.1	WDOK	Star 102.1	Adult contemporary
103.3	WCRF	Moody Radio Cleveland	Religious
104.1	WQAL	Q 104	Top 40/Current hits
104.9	WCLV	Classical 104.9	Classical music
105.7	WMJI	Majic 105.7	Classic hits
106.5	WHLK	106.5 The Lake	Adult hits
107.3	WNWV	107.3 The Wave	Smooth AC
107.9	WENZ	Z 107.9	Hip-hop/rap	Rickey Smiley Show

For the UK county of Cleveland, see Cleveland (UK) See Cleveland, TN

References[edit]

1. ↑ 2000 Census
2. ↑ 2000 Census