Family Tree Of Korean Monarchs

The following is a family tree of Korean monarchs.

Goguryeo

Goguryeo monarchs' family tree

House of Go

Dongmyeong
King of Goguryeo
(58 BC–19 BC)
r. 37 BC–19 BC

?

House of Buyeo

Yuri
(38 BC–18 AD)
r. 19 BC–18 AD

Biryu

Onjo
of Baekje

?

Daemusin
(4–44)
r. 18–44

Minjung
(?–48)
r. 44–48

Go Jaesa

Kingdom of
Baekje

Mobon
(32–53)
r. 48–53

Taejodae
(47–165)
r. 53–146

Chadae
(71–165)
r. 146–165

Sindae
(89–179)
r. 165–179

Sansang
(?–227)
r. 197–227

Gogukcheon
(?–197)
r. 179–197

Dongcheon
(209–248)
r. 227–248

Jungcheon
(224–270)
r. 248–270

Seocheon
(?–292)
r. 270–292

Bongsang
(?–300)
r. 292–300

Go Dol-go

Micheon
(?–331)
r. 300–331

Gogugwon
?-331-371

Sosurim
?-371-384

Gogugyang
?-384-391

Gwanggaeto
the Great
374-391-412

Jangsu
394-412-491

Go Joda

Munja
?-491-519

Anjang
?-519-531

Anwon
?-531-545

Yangwon
?-545-559

Pyeongwon
?-559-590

Yeongyang
?-590-618

Yeongnyu
?-618-642

Go Daeyang

Bojang
?-642-
668-682

Go Deokmu

Baekje

Monarchs of Baekje family tree

Onjo
36-18-28

Daru
9-28-77

Giru
?-77-128

Gaeru
?-128-166

Goi
?-234-286

Chogo
?-166-214

Chaekgye
?-286-298

Gusu
?-214-234

Bunseo
?-298-304

Biryu
?-304-344

Saban
?-234-?

Gye
?-344-346

Geunchogo
?-346-375

Geungusu
?-375-384

Jinsa
?-385-392

Chimnyu
?-384-385

Asin
?-392-405

Jeonji
?-405-420

Guisin
404-420-427

Biyu
?-427-455

Gaero
?-455-475

Gonji
?-477

Munju
?-475-477

Dongseong
?-479-501

Samgeun
465-477-479

Muryeong
461-501-523

Seong
?-523-554

Hye
527-598-599

Wideok
525-554-598

Beop
?-599-600

Mu
580-600-641

Uija
599-641-660

Buyeo Yung
615-682

Buyeo Pung
?-660-663-?

Silla

Silla (57 BC – 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In the early years, Silla was ruled by the Pak, Sǒk, and Kim families. Rulers of Silla had various titles, including Isageum, Maripgan, and Daewang. Like some Baekje kings, some declared themselves emperor.

Silla monarchs family tree

Hyeokgeose
b.69BC-d.4 AD
r.57BC–
4 AD¹

Namhae
d.24
r.4–24CE²

Kim Alji

Yuri
d.57
r.24-57³

Lady
Ahyo

Talhae
d.80
r.57-80⁴

Seonghan

Ilseong
d.154
r.134–154⁷

Pasa
d.112
r.80–112⁵

昔仇鄒

金阿道

Adalla
d.184
r.154–184⁸

Jima
d.134
r.112–134⁶

Beolhyu
d.196
r.184–196⁹

金首留

朴碧芳

Goljeong

Imae

金郁甫

朴武英

Jobun
d.247
r.230–247¹¹

Cheomhae
d.261
r.247-261¹²

Naehae
d.230
r. 196–230¹⁰

Gudo

朴判得

Yurye
d.298
r.284-298¹⁴

昔乞淑

光明夫人

Seok Uro

Michu
r.262-284¹³

金末仇

Kim
Daeseoji

朴光欽

Girim
d.310
r.298-310¹⁵

Heulhae
d.356
r.310–356¹⁶

Naemul
d.402
r.356–402¹⁷

Silseong
d.417
r.402–417¹⁸

朴美一

Nulji
r.417–458¹⁹

金卜好

金未斯欣

朴乃物

Jabi
d.479
r.458-479²⁰

Galmunwang
Kim Seupbo

金仇天

朴相建

Soji
r.479–500²¹

Jijeung
b.437–d.514
r.500-514²²

金柒夫

朴仁燁

Beopheung
b.487-d.540
r.514–540²³

Ipjong
d.537

金真宗

金順元

朴啓輔

Jinheung
b.526-d.576
r.540-576²⁴

金依忠

金欽運

朴明信

Dongryun
d.572

Jinji
d.579
r.576 - 579²⁵

金斯多含

金摩次

朴貞環

Jinpyeong
b.567-632
r.579 -632²⁶

Galmunwang
Guk-ban

Galmunwang
Baekban

Kim Yongsu

金元訓

玄聖王
金法宣

朴露兼

Seondeok
d.647
r.632 - 647²⁷

Jindeok (Chindŏk)
r.647-654²⁸

Muyeol
b.604–d.661
r.654–661²⁹

神英王
金義寬

朴楠善

Kim Yushin
b.595-d.673

Lady
Jiso

Munmu
b.626–d.681
r.661–681³⁰

Kim Inmun
b.629-d.694

興平王
金魏文

朴金山

Sinmun
r.681–692³¹

Hyoyang

朴應瓚

Hyoso
b.687-d.702
r.692–702³²

Seongdeok
r.702–737³³

Wonseong
d.798
r.785-798³⁸

朴德興

Hyoseong
d.742
r.737-742³⁴

Gyeongdeok
r.742-765³⁵

Lady
Saso

Haechan
Kim Hyobang

Kim
Ingyeom

惠康王
Kim Ye-yŏng

朴大寧

Hyegong
b.758–d.780
r.765–780³⁶

Seondeok
d.785
r.780–785³⁷

Soseong
d.800
r.798–800³⁹

Heondeok
d.826
r.809–826⁴¹

Kim
Chunggong

Heungdeok
777-836
r.826–836⁴²

Kim
Kyun-jŏng
d.836

Kim
Hŏn-jŏng

朴尼淳

Aejang
b.788–d.809
r.800–809⁴⁰

Minae
b.817-d.839
r.838–839⁴⁴

Sinmu
b.787-d.839
r.839⁴⁵

Heonan
d.861
r.857–861⁴⁷

Huigang
d.838
r.836–838⁴³

朴隆釗

Munseong
d. 857
r.839–857⁴⁶

Kim Kye-myŏng

朴之坤

朴元弘

弘毅王
金安

惠成王
Kim Wi-hong

Gyeongmun
b.841-d.875
r.861–875⁴⁸

朴成順

成武王
朴順弘

朴文官

睿興王
金敏恭

Heongang
c.861-d.886
r.875–886⁴⁹

Jeonggang
c.863-d.887
r.886–887⁵⁰

Jinseong
c.865-d.897
r.887–897⁵¹

Daeachan
Park Ye–gyeom

貞和夫人

興廉王
朴文元

水宗

宣興王
金實虹

Hyogong
b.883-d.912
r.897–912⁵²

Sindeok
d.917
r.912–917⁵³

Princess
Uiseong

聖僖王
大尊

懿興王
金仁慶

Gyeongae
d.927
r.924–927⁵⁵

Gyeongmyeong
d.924
r.917–924⁵⁴

長沙宅

Kim
Hyojong

Princess
Gyea

Gyeongsun
c.897-d.978
r.927–935⁵⁶

Maui

Notes:

Balhae

Balhae (698-926) was an ancient Korean kingdom established after the fall of Goguryeo. Balhae occupied southern parts of Northeast China, Primorsky Krai, and the northern part of the Korean Peninsula.

Balhae monarchs' family tree

Dae
Jungsang
?-698

Go
?-698-719

Dae Ya-bal

Mu
?-719-737

Dae Won-gi

Mun
?-737-793

Dae Won-ui
?-793

Dae
Gwangdeok

Dae
Goeng-rim

Gang
?-794-809

Seon
?-818-830

Seong
?-793-794

Jeong
?-809-812

Hui
?-812-817

Gan
?-817-818

Dae Deok

Dae Ijin
?-830-857

Geonhwang
?-857-871

□

Hyeonseok
?-871-894

Dae Wihae
?-894-907

Dae Inseon
?-907-926

Goryeo

The Goryeo dynasty ruled in Korea from 918 to 1392. It comprised 34 kings in 17 generations. What follows is, first, a selective genealogy of the reigning Wang clan,^[1] and second, a table showing the relations between the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and Goryeo royalty.^[2]

Royal Wang clan

Wang Ryung
d. 897
Sejo

Wang Geon
877–943
Taejo
r. 918–943¹

Wang Mu
912–945
Hyejong
r. 943–945²

Wang Yo
923–949
Jeongjong
r. 945–949³

Wang So
925–975
Gwangjong
r. 949–975⁴

Wang Uk
Daejong
d. 969

Wang Uk
Anjong
d. 996

Prince Hyoeun

Prince
Heunghwa
?–960

Prince
Gyeongchun

Wang Ju
955–981
Gyeongjong
r. 975–981⁵

Prince
Hyodeok

Wang Chi
960–997
Seongjong
r. 981–997⁶

Wang Sun
992–1031
Hyeonjong
r. 1009–1031⁸

Wang Song
980–1009
Mokjong
r. 997–1009⁷

Wang Heum
1016–1034
Deokjong
r. 1031–1034⁹

Wang Hyeong
1018–1046
Jeongjong
r. 1034–1046¹⁰

Wang Hwi
1019–1083
Munjong
r. 1046–1083¹¹

Wang Bang
Prince
Aesang

Wang Hun
1047–1083
Sunjong
r. 1083¹²

Wang Un
1049–1094
Seonjong
r. 1083–1094¹³

Wang Hui
1054–1105
Sukjong
r. 1095–1105¹⁵

Uicheon
b. 1055 – d. 1101

Wang Uk
1084–1097
Heonjong
r. 1094–1095¹⁴

Wang Yun
Prince
Hansan

Wang U
1079–1122
Yejong
r. 1105–1122¹⁶

Wang Hae
1109–1146
Injong
r. 1122–1146¹⁷

Wang Hyeon
1127–1173
Uijong
r. 1146–1170¹⁸

Wang Ho
1131–1202
Myeongjong
r. 1170–1197¹⁹

Wang Tak
1144–1204
Sinjong
r. 1197–1204²⁰

Wang Ki
Crown Prince
Hyoryong
1149–?

Wang O
1152–1213
Gangjong
r. 1211–1213²²

Wang Yeong
1181–1237
Huijong
r. 1204–1211²¹

Wang Seo
Prince
Yangyang

Wang Jeol
1192–1259
Gojong
r. 1213–1259²³

Wang Ji
Prince
Changwon
1197–1262

Wang In

Wang Sik
1214–1274
Wonjong
r. 1259–1274²⁴

Wang Chang
1223-?
Yeongjong
r. 1269

Wang
Yeong

Wang Geo
1236–1308
Chungnyeol
r. 1274–1308²⁵

Wang Yi
Prince
Siyang
?-1266

Wang Jong
Prince
Sunan

Wang Bun
d. 1291

Wang Jang
1275–1325
Chungseon
r. 1308–1313²⁶

Wang Yu
Prince
Sunhwa
?-1360

Prince Hyohwi

Wang Man
1294–1339
Chungsuk
r. 1313–1330;
1332–1339²⁷

Wang Gam
Prince
Gwangreung
?–1310

Wang Hye
Prince
Deokheung
1314–1367

Wang Gyun

Wang Hui

Wang Yeon

Wang Jeong
1315–1344
Chunghye
r. 1330–1332;
1339–1344²⁸

Prince
Yongsan
1325–1341

Wang Jeon
1330–1374
Gongmin
r. 1351–1374³¹

Wang Yo
1345–1394
Gongyang
r. 1389–1392³⁴

Wang U

Wang Seok-Gi
1341–1375

Wang Hun
1337–1348
Chungmok
r. 1344–1348²⁹

Wang Jeo
1338–1351
Chungjeong
r. 1348–1351³⁰

Wang U
1365–1389
U
r. 1374–1388³²

Wang Seok
Crown Prince
Jeongseong
?–1394

Wang Je

Wang Chang
1381–1389
Chang
r. 1388–1389³³

Marriage relations with Mongol Empire

Yuan dynasty - Goryeo marriage relations

Kublai Khan
1215–1294
Khagan 1260–71
Shizu
of Yuan
r. 1271–1294

Zhenjin
(1243–1285)

Aoluchi

Hugechi

Princess
Jeguk
1259–1297

Chungnyeol
of Goryeo
(r. 1274–1308)²⁵

Darmabala
d. 1292
Shunzong 顺宗

Kamala
(d. 1302)

Temür Buhua

Esen Temür

Chungseon
of Goryeo
(r. 1308–1313)²⁶

Emperor Wuzong
of Yuan
r. 1307–1311

Amuge

Princess
Gyeguk
(d. 1315)

Shuosiban

Princess
Bokguk
(d. 1319)

Chungsuk
of Goryeo
(r. 1313–1330;
1332–1339)²⁷

Emperor
Mingzong
of Yuan
r. 1329

Boluo Temür

Princess
Joguk
1308–1325

Princess
Deoknyeong
?– 1375

Chunghye
of Goryeo
(r. 1330–1332;
1339–1344)²⁸

Gongmin
of Goryeo
(r. 1351–1374)³¹

Empress Gi
1315–
1369/70

Emperor
Huizong
of Yuan
r. 1333–1368/70

Princess
Noguk
(d. 1365)

Chungmok
of Goryeo
(r. 1344–1348)²⁹

Notes:

Joseon and Korean Empire

House of Yi/Joseon Kings family tree

– – – – – – - The dashed lines denote the adoptions

(?–1274)
Yi Ansa
(Mokjo)

(?–?)
Yi Haengri
(Ikjo)

(?–1342)
Yi Chun
(Dojo)

(1315–1360)
Yi Jachun
(Hwanjo)

KING OF
JOSEON

(1335–1408)

Taejo
r. 1392–1398⁽¹⁾

(1357–1419)

Jeongjong
r. 1398–1400⁽²⁾

(1367–1422)

Taejong
r. 1400–1418⁽³⁾
^{[note 1]}

(1397–1450)

Sejong
the Great
r. 1418–1450⁽⁴⁾

(1414–1452)

Munjong
r. 1450–1452⁽⁵⁾

(1417–1468)

Sejo
r. 1455–1468⁽⁷⁾

(1441–1457)

Danjong
r. 1452–1455⁽⁶⁾

(1438–1457)
Crown Prince
Uigyeong

(1450–1469)

Yejong
r. 1468–1469⁽⁸⁾

(1457–1494)

Seongjong
r. 1469–1494⁽⁹⁾

(1476–1506)

Yeonsangun
r. 1494–1506⁽¹⁰⁾
^{[note 2]}

(1486–1544)

Jungjong
r. 1506–1544⁽¹¹⁾

(1515–1545)

Injong
r. 1544–1545⁽¹²⁾

(1530–1559)
Deokheung
Daewongun

(1534–1567)

Myeongjong
r. 1545–1567⁽¹³⁾

(1552–1608)

Seonjo
r. 1567–1608⁽¹⁴⁾

(1575–1641)

Gwanghaegun
r. 1608–1623⁽¹⁵⁾
^{[note 2]}

(1580–1619)
Prince
Jeongwon

(1598–1624)
Prince
Heungan [ko]
^{[note 3]}

(1595–1649)

Injo
r. 1623–1649⁽¹⁶⁾
^{[note 4]}

(1599–1615)
Grand Prince
Neungchang

(1619–1659)

Hyojong
r. 1649–1659⁽¹⁷⁾

(1622–1658)
Grand Prince
Inpyeong

(1641–1674)

Hyeonjong
r. 1659–1674⁽¹⁸⁾

(1639–1670)
Prince
Boknyeong [ko]

(1661–1720)

Sukjong
r. 1674–1720⁽¹⁹⁾

(1661–1722)
Prince
Uiwon [ko]

(1688–1724)

Gyeongjong
r. 1720–1724⁽²⁰⁾

(1694–1776)

Yeongjo
r. 1724–1776⁽²¹⁾

(1699–1719)
Prince
Yeollyeong

(1693–1763)
Prince
Anheung [ko]

(1719–1728)
Crown Prince
Hyojang

(1735–1762)
Crown Prince
Sado

(1728–1796)
Yi Jin-ik [ko]

(1752–1800)

Jeongjo
r. 1776–1800⁽²²⁾

(1754–1801)
Prince Euneon

(1755–1771)
Prince
Eunsin

(1752–1822)
Yi Byeong-won [ko]

(1790–1834)

Sunjo
r. 1800–1834⁽²³⁾

(1785–1841)
Jeongye
Daewongun

(1788–1836)
Prince
Namyeon [ko]

(1809–1830)
Crown Prince
Hyomyeong

(1831–1864)

Cheoljong
r. 1849–1864⁽²⁵⁾

(1821–1898)
Heungseon
Daewongun

(1827–1849)

Heonjong
r. 1834–1849⁽²⁴⁾

EMPEROR OF
KOREA

(1852–1919)

Gojong
(Gwangmu)
r.K 1864–1897
r.E 1897–1907⁽²⁶⁾
^{[note 5]}

(1874–1926)

Sunjong
(Yunghui)
r. 1907–1910⁽²⁷⁾
^{[note 6]}

(1877–1955)
Prince Imperial Ui

(1897–1970)

Prince Imperial Yeong
Yi Un⁽²⁸⁾
^{[note 7]}^{[note 8]}

(1938–2014)
Yi Gap [ko]

(1941–)
Yi Seok
^{[note 9]}

(1931–2005)

Yi Ku⁽²⁹⁾
^{[note 8]}^{[note 10]}

(1962–)

Yi Won⁽³⁰⁾
^{[note 8]}^{[note 11]}

Notes

↑ Taejong was the first reigning Joseon king to be recognized by the Ming dynasty under the tributary system.^[3]^[4]
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Unlike other Joseon monarchs, who could receive a temple name after their death, Yeonsangun and Gwanghaegun never had one due to being overthrown and gun denotes "prince" instead of king.
↑ The anti-king during the rebel (Yi Gwal's rebellion) in 1624.^[5]
↑ After the Qing invasion of Joseon, Injo was recognized by the Qing dynasty instead of the Ming dynasty, under the tributary system.^[6]
↑ Gojong became the first emperor of the Korean Empire in 1897^[7]^[8] and abdicated in 1907; he was demoted to "King Emeritus Yi" in 1910.^[9]^[10]
↑ Sunjong abdicated in 1910 and became "King Yi" at the same time.^[10]
↑ Yi Un became the Imperial Crown Prince of the Korean Empire in 1907 by Japanese government, only to be demoted to the "Crown Prince of King Yi" in 1910.^[10]^[11] He succeeded the title King Yi in 1926 and lost it in 1947 according to the new constitution in Japan.^[12]^[13] His posthumous name, Crown Prince Euimin (의민황태자), was made by the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[14]^[15]
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Director of the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[16]
↑ Claimed to be the "first successor" appointed by Yi Bangja after the death of Yi Ku in 2005.^[17]
↑ Yi Ku became the "Crown Prince of King Yi" after his birth^[18] and he lost the title in 1947.^[13] His posthumous name, Prince Imperial Hoeun (회은황세손), was made by the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[19]
↑ On 10 July 2005, Yi Won was adopted to be Yi Ku's heir.^[20]^[21]

References

↑ 高麗王 ; P. Truhart, Regents of Nations, Part 3. München: Saur 2003, pp. 335–6.
↑ Atlas of Korean History. Singapore: Stallion 2008, p. 87.
↑ "국호를 정하는 문제에 대한 예부의 자문을 계품사 조임이 가져오다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/waa_10111027_001. (King Taejong Year 01, Month 11, Day 27, Entry 1)
↑ "사신 장근과 단목예가 받들고 온 명나라 황제의 고명". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wca_10106012_001. (King Taejo Year 01, Month 06, Day 12, Entry 1)
↑ "심기원·신경진·장만이 상의하여 흥안군 이제를 죽이다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_10202016_007. (King Injo Year 02, Month 02, Day 26, Entry 7)
↑ Jorgensen, John (2018-06-30). The Foresight of Dark Knowing. University of Hawaii Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780824875503. https://books.google.com/books?id=8F0EEAAAQBAJ.
↑ "총리대신 등이 왕실의 존칭을 새 규례를 갖추어 아뢰다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wza_13112017_001. (King Gojong Year 31, Month 12, Day 27, Entry 1)
↑ "국호를 대한으로 하고 임금을 황제로 칭한다고 선포하다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wza_13410013_002. (13 October 1897, Entry 1)
↑ 小川原宏幸 (2010-01-28). 伊藤博文の韓国併合構想と朝鮮社会――王権論の相克. Iwanami Shoten. pp. 153, 163. ISBN 978-4000221795.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 (in ja) 明治四十三年八月二十九日詔勅, "前韓國皇帝ヲ册シテ王ト爲シ昌德宮李王ト稱シ……皇太子及將來ノ世嗣ヲ王世子トシ太皇帝ヲ太王ト爲シ德壽宮李太王ト稱シ……"
↑ "英親王垠을 皇太子로 封함". http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=-1&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=sa&types=o&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=sa_001_0050_0100_0020&position=-1. "朝野皆知新皇帝不慧，且無嗣屬望，……嚴貴妃方專寵，欲貴其子，厚賂博文，冀得其力；義親王堈，年雖長，多失儀、無人望，且孤立援少……由是衆議自歸於垠，援定宗朝故事，立爲皇太子。 (The people by the time knew that the new emperor was not exactly smart and there's no hope for him to produce an heir,... Lady Eom, the Imperial Noble Consort just gained much love from the Emperor [Emeritus] and she wanted to promote her son's position, so she bribed Itō Hirobumi for his support; the Prince Imperial Ui, despite being elder, had many scandals and lost reputation, making him lack to support... and so, people eventually agreed to make Yi Un the crown prince, following the precedent from King Jeongjong of Joseon.)" 《매천야록》卷之五·隆熙元年丁未第2條
↑ "왕공족보(王公族譜)". http://jsg.aks.ac.kr/dir/view?catePath=&dataId=JSG_K2-4732.
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 Constitution of Japan, "[Article 14]……Peers and peerage shall not be recognized."
↑ "영친왕장례…19일장으로". JoongAng Ilbo. 1970-05-04. https://news.joins.com/article/1236661.
↑ "의민(懿愍) 황태자(皇太子) 영원(英園)에 예장(礼葬)". The Chosun Ilbo. 1970-05-12. https://newslibrary.chosun.com/view/article_view.html?id=1509819700510m10711&set_date=19700510&page_no=7.
↑ "역대 총재". http://www.rfo.co.kr/director1.htm.
↑ Park, Sung-ha (2006-10-22). "Coronation of Korea's new empress leads to royal family controversy". https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2831239.
↑ "官報. 1932年01月06日". https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2957971/3.
↑ "조선 '마지막 황세손' 이구, 한국말 서툴렀던 이유는?". The Dong-a Ilbo. 2017-12-06. https://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20171206/87604653/2.
↑ Sin, Hyeon-jun (21 July 2005). "끊어진 조선황실 후계 40대 회사원이 잇는다". The Chosun Ilbo. https://m.chosun.com/svc/article.html?sname=news&contid=2005072170015.
↑ "황실 후손 생활 담은 다큐 만들고파". The Chosun Ilbo. 18 August 2005. https://m.chosun.com/svc/article.html?sname=news&contid=2005081870331.

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family tree of Korean monarchs. Read more

[5] Taejong was the first reigning Joseon king to be recognized by the Ming dynasty under the tributary system.^[3]^[4]

[deposed-6] 2.0 ^2.1 Unlike other Joseon monarchs, who could receive a temple name after their death, Yeonsangun and Gwanghaegun never had one due to being overthrown and gun denotes "prince" instead of king.

[8] The anti-king during the rebel (Yi Gwal's rebellion) in 1624.^[5]

[10] After the Qing invasion of Joseon, Injo was recognized by the Qing dynasty instead of the Ming dynasty, under the tributary system.^[6]

[15] Gojong became the first emperor of the Korean Empire in 1897^[7]^[8] and abdicated in 1907; he was demoted to "King Emeritus Yi" in 1910.^[9]^[10]

[16] Sunjong abdicated in 1910 and became "King Yi" at the same time.^[10]

[22] Yi Un became the Imperial Crown Prince of the Korean Empire in 1907 by Japanese government, only to be demoted to the "Crown Prince of King Yi" in 1910.^[10]^[11] He succeeded the title King Yi in 1926 and lost it in 1947 according to the new constitution in Japan.^[12]^[13] His posthumous name, Crown Prince Euimin (의민황태자), was made by the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[14]^[15]

[rfo-24] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 Director of the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[16]

[ihw-26] Claimed to be the "first successor" appointed by Yi Bangja after the death of Yi Ku in 2005.^[17]

[29] Yi Ku became the "Crown Prince of King Yi" after his birth^[18] and he lost the title in 1947.^[13] His posthumous name, Prince Imperial Hoeun (회은황세손), was made by the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association.^[19]

[32] On 10 July 2005, Yi Won was adopted to be Yi Ku's heir.^[20]^[21]

[1] 高麗王 ; P. Truhart, Regents of Nations, Part 3. München: Saur 2003, pp. 335–6.

[2] Atlas of Korean History. Singapore: Stallion 2008, p. 87.

[3] "국호를 정하는 문제에 대한 예부의 자문을 계품사 조임이 가져오다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/waa_10111027_001. (King Taejong Year 01, Month 11, Day 27, Entry 1)

[4] "사신 장근과 단목예가 받들고 온 명나라 황제의 고명". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wca_10106012_001. (King Taejo Year 01, Month 06, Day 12, Entry 1)

[7] "심기원·신경진·장만이 상의하여 흥안군 이제를 죽이다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_10202016_007. (King Injo Year 02, Month 02, Day 26, Entry 7)

[9] Jorgensen, John (2018-06-30). The Foresight of Dark Knowing. University of Hawaii Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780824875503. https://books.google.com/books?id=8F0EEAAAQBAJ.

[11] "총리대신 등이 왕실의 존칭을 새 규례를 갖추어 아뢰다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wza_13112017_001. (King Gojong Year 31, Month 12, Day 27, Entry 1)

[12] "국호를 대한으로 하고 임금을 황제로 칭한다고 선포하다". http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wza_13410013_002. (13 October 1897, Entry 1)

[13] 小川原宏幸 (2010-01-28). 伊藤博文の韓国併合構想と朝鮮社会――王権論の相克. Iwanami Shoten. pp. 153, 163. ISBN 978-4000221795.

[mj43-14] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 (in ja) 明治四十三年八月二十九日詔勅, "前韓國皇帝ヲ册シテ王ト爲シ昌德宮李王ト稱シ……皇太子及將來ノ世嗣ヲ王世子トシ太皇帝ヲ太王ト爲シ德壽宮李太王ト稱シ……"

[hwhy-17] "英親王垠을 皇太子로 封함". http://db.history.go.kr/item/level.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&setId=-1&prevPage=0&prevLimit=&itemId=sa&types=o&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&brokerPagingInfo=&levelId=sa_001_0050_0100_0020&position=-1. "朝野皆知新皇帝不慧，且無嗣屬望，……嚴貴妃方專寵，欲貴其子，厚賂博文，冀得其力；義親王堈，年雖長，多失儀、無人望，且孤立援少……由是衆議自歸於垠，援定宗朝故事，立爲皇太子。 (The people by the time knew that the new emperor was not exactly smart and there's no hope for him to produce an heir,... Lady Eom, the Imperial Noble Consort just gained much love from the Emperor [Emeritus] and she wanted to promote her son's position, so she bribed Itō Hirobumi for his support; the Prince Imperial Ui, despite being elder, had many scandals and lost reputation, making him lack to support... and so, people eventually agreed to make Yi Un the crown prince, following the precedent from King Jeongjong of Joseon.)" 《매천야록》卷之五·隆熙元年丁未第2條

[18] "왕공족보(王公族譜)". http://jsg.aks.ac.kr/dir/view?catePath=&dataId=JSG_K2-4732.

[con47-19] 13.0 ^13.1 Constitution of Japan, "[Article 14]……Peers and peerage shall not be recognized."

[20] "영친왕장례…19일장으로". JoongAng Ilbo. 1970-05-04. https://news.joins.com/article/1236661.

[21] "의민(懿愍) 황태자(皇太子) 영원(英園)에 예장(礼葬)". The Chosun Ilbo. 1970-05-12. https://newslibrary.chosun.com/view/article_view.html?id=1509819700510m10711&set_date=19700510&page_no=7.

[rfo-23] "역대 총재". http://www.rfo.co.kr/director1.htm.

[jaen-25] Park, Sung-ha (2006-10-22). "Coronation of Korea's new empress leads to royal family controversy". https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2831239.

[27] "官報. 1932年01月06日". https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2957971/3.

[28] "조선 '마지막 황세손' 이구, 한국말 서툴렀던 이유는?". The Dong-a Ilbo. 2017-12-06. https://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20171206/87604653/2.

[js20050722-30] Sin, Hyeon-jun (21 July 2005). "끊어진 조선황실 후계 40대 회사원이 잇는다". The Chosun Ilbo. https://m.chosun.com/svc/article.html?sname=news&contid=2005072170015.

[js200508-31] "황실 후손 생활 담은 다큐 만들고파". The Chosun Ilbo. 18 August 2005. https://m.chosun.com/svc/article.html?sname=news&contid=2005081870331.