2478 Tokai

2478 Tokai
Discovery
Discovered by	T. Furuta
Discovery site	Tōkai Obs. (879)
Discovery date	4 May 1981
Designations
MPC designation	(2478) Tokai
Pronunciation	/ˈtoʊkaɪ/; Japanese: [toːkai]
Named after	Tōkai (Japanese city)
Alternative designations	1981 JC · 1931 HH; 1932 SE · 1934 ED; 1939 VH · 1951 JP; 1955 OE · 1955 QV; 1957 BD · 1972 RS; 1978 NU2 · 1979 XR; 1981 JT
Minor planet category	main-belt · Flora
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	84.68 yr (30,929 days)
\|{{{apsis}}}\|helion}}	2.3781 AU
\|{{{apsis}}}\|helion}}	2.0740 AU
Semi-major axis	2.2261 AU
Eccentricity	0.0683
Orbital period	3.32 yr (1,213 days)
Mean anomaly	103.28°
Mean motion	0° 17m 48.48s / day
Inclination	4.1389°
Longitude of ascending node	228.80°
\|{{{apsis}}}\|helion}}	233.85°
Known satellites	1
Physical characteristics
Dimensions	9.238±0.112 km; 9.36±1.51 km; 9.71±0.49 km; 9.982±0.031 km; 10.087 km; 10.09 km (taken)
Rotation period	25.88±0.01 h; 25.885±0.007 h; 25.8913 h; 25.97±0.11 h
Geometric albedo	0.144±0.015; 0.1957; 0.2084±0.0371; 0.252±0.045; 0.33±0.20
Spectral type	SMASS = S · S
Absolute magnitude (H)	11.88±0.03 (R) · 12.00 · 12.15±0.04 · 12.2 · 12.33 · 12.37±0.058 · 12.80

2478 Tokai, provisionally designated 1981 JC, is a stony Florian asteroid and binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 10 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 4 May 1981, by Japanese astronomer Toshimasa Furuta at Tōkai Observatory (879), Japan.^[14] The asteroid was named after the city of Tōkai.^[2]

Orbit and classification

Tokai is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.1–2.4 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,213 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.07 and an inclination of 4° with respect to the ecliptic.^[1]

Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification, Tokai is a common S-type asteroid.^[1]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Tokai measures between 9.238 and 9.982 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.144 and 0.33.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link agrees with Petr Pravec's revised WISE-data, that is, an albedo of 0.1957 and a diameter of 10.09 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.37.^[3]

Satellite

Photometric observations in 2007, revealed a minor-planet moon in orbit of Tokai. It measures approximately 6 kilometers in diameter (lower limit diameter ratio of 0.72) and has an orbital period of 25.88 hours.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Naming

This minor planet was named after the city of Tōkai, Japan, where the discoverer lives and the discovering observatory is located.^[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 8 February 1982 (M.P.C. 6650).^[15]

Notes

↑ Oey (2011) web: rotation period 25.88 hours with a brightness amplitude of mag. Summary figures for (2478) Tokai at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Pravec (2007) web: rotation period 25.8913 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.41 mag. Q=3. Summary figures for (2478) Tokai at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2478 Tokai (1981 JC)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002478. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2478) Tokai". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2478) Tokai. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 202. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2479. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 "LCDB Data for (2478) Tokai". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2478|Tokai. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 "Electronic Telegram No. 824". IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 2007-01-30. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/cbet/000800/CBET000824.txt. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Johnston, Robert (21 September 2014). "(2478) Tokai". http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-02478.html.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 791 (2): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...791..121M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus 221 (1): 365–387. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Bibcode: 2012Icar..221..365P. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012Icar..221..365P. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
↑ Higgins, D.; Pravec, P.; Kusnirak, P.; Warner, B.; Galad, A.; Oey, J. et al. (January 2007). "(2478) Tokai". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams 824 (824): 1. Bibcode: 2007CBET..824....1H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007CBET..824....1H. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
↑ Oey, Julian (January 2016). "Lightcurve Analysis of Asteroids from Blue Mountains Observatory in 2014". The Minor Planet Bulletin 43 (1): 45–51. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2016MPBu...43...45O. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016MPBu...43...45O. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
↑ "2478 Tokai (1981 JC)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2478. Retrieved 18 June 2017.
↑ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. Retrieved 18 June 2017.

External links

Lightcurve plot of 2478 Tokai, Palmer Divide Observatory, B. D. Warner (2007)
Asteroids with Satellites, Robert Johnston, johnstonsarchive.net
Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
2478 Tokai at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
2478 Tokai at the JPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

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Original source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2478 Tokai. Read more

[lcdb-Oey-2011web-11] Oey (2011) web: rotation period 25.88 hours with a brightness amplitude of mag. Summary figures for (2478) Tokai at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)

[lcdb-Pravec-2007web-13] 2.0 ^2.1 Pravec (2007) web: rotation period 25.8913 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.41 mag. Q=3. Summary figures for (2478) Tokai at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)

[jpldata-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2478 Tokai (1981 JC)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002478. Retrieved 18 June 2017.

[springer-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2478) Tokai". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2478) Tokai. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 202. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2479. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

[lcdb-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 ^3.6 "LCDB Data for (2478) Tokai". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2478|Tokai. Retrieved 18 June 2017.

[CBET824-4] 4.0 ^4.1 "Electronic Telegram No. 824". IAU Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. 2007-01-30. http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/cbet/000800/CBET000824.txt. Retrieved 5 July 2011.

[johnstonsarchive-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Johnston, Robert (21 September 2014). "(2478) Tokai". http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-02478.html.

[Masiero-2014-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R. et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 791 (2): 11. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...791..121M. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M. Retrieved 18 June 2017.

[Nugent-2015-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T. et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal 814 (2): 13. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Bibcode: 2015ApJ...814..117N. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

[AKARI-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 ^8.3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 (5): 1117–1138. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Bibcode: 2011PASJ...63.1117U. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)

[WISE-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 ^9.3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D. et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal 741 (2): 25. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Bibcode: 2011ApJ...741...90M.

[Pravec-2012b-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus 221 (1): 365–387. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Bibcode: 2012Icar..221..365P. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012Icar..221..365P. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

[Higgins-2007b-12] Higgins, D.; Pravec, P.; Kusnirak, P.; Warner, B.; Galad, A.; Oey, J. et al. (January 2007). "(2478) Tokai". Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams 824 (824): 1. Bibcode: 2007CBET..824....1H. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2007CBET..824....1H. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

[Oey-2016a-14] Oey, Julian (January 2016). "Lightcurve Analysis of Asteroids from Blue Mountains Observatory in 2014". The Minor Planet Bulletin 43 (1): 45–51. ISSN 1052-8091. Bibcode: 2016MPBu...43...45O. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016MPBu...43...45O. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

[Veres-2015-15] Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus 261: 34–47. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Bibcode: 2015Icar..261...34V. http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V. Retrieved 19 June 2017.

[MPC-Tokai-16] "2478 Tokai (1981 JC)". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2478. Retrieved 18 June 2017.

[MPC-Circulars-Archive-17] "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html. Retrieved 18 June 2017.