Native element minerals are those elements that occur in nature in uncombined form with a distinct mineral structure. The elemental class includes metals and intermetallic elements, naturally occurring alloys, semi-metals and non-metals. The Nickel–Strunz classification system also includes the naturally occurring phosphides, silicides, nitrides and carbides and arsenides.
Elements
The following elements occur as native element minerals or alloys:[1]
Nickel–Strunz Classification -01- Native elements
This list uses the Classification of Nickel–Strunz (mindat.org, 10 ed, pending publication).
- Abbreviations
- "*" – discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
- "?" – questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
- "REE" – Rare-earth element (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
- "PGE" – Platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
- 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
- Neso: insular (from Greek νησος nēsos, island)
- Soro: grouping (from Greek σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
- Cyclo: ring
- Ino: chain (from Greek ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
- Phyllo: sheet (from Greek φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
- Tecto: three-dimensional framework
- Nickel–Strunz code scheme
- NN.XY.##x:
- NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
- X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
- Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
- ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter
Class: native elements
- 01.A Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
- 01.AA Copper-cupalite family: 05 Native copper, 05 Lead, 05 Native gold, 05 Native silver, 05 Nickel, 05 Aluminium; 10a Auricupride, 10b Tetra-auricupride; 15 Novodneprite, 15 Khatyrkite, 15 Anyuiite; 20 Cupalite, 25 Hunchunite
- 01.AB Zinc-brass family (Cu-Zn alloys): 05 Cadmium, 05 Zinc, 05 Titanium*, 05 Rhenium*; 10a Brass*, 10a Zhanghengite, 10b Danbaite, 10b Tongxinite*
- 01.AC Indium-tin family: 05 Indium, 10 Tin; 15 Yuanjiangite, 15 Sorosite
- 01.AD Mercury-amalgam family: 00 Amalgam*, 05 Mercury; 10 Belendorffite, 10 Kolymite; 15a Paraschachnerite, 15a Schachnerite, 15b Luanheite, 15c Eugenite, 15d Moschellandsbergite; 20a Weishanite, 20b Goldamalgam*; 25 Potarite, 30 Leadamalgam
- 01.AE Iron-chromium family: 05 Kamacite? (Iron var.), 05 Iron, 05 Chromium; 10 Antitaenite*, 10 Taenite, 10 Tetrataenite; 15 Chromferide, 15 Wairauite, 15 Ferchromide; 20 Awaruite, 25 Jedwabite
- 01.AF Platinum-group elements: 05 Osmium, 05 Rutheniridosmine, 05 Ruthenium; 10 Palladium, 10 Iridium, 10 Rhodium, 10 Platinum
- 01.AG PGE-metal alloys: 05 Garutiite, 05 Hexaferrum; 10 Atokite, 10 Zvyagintsevite, 10 Rustenburgite; 15 Taimyrite, 15 Tatyanaite; 20 Paolovite; 25 Plumbopalladinite, 25 Stannopalladinite; 30 Cabriite; 35 Chengdeite, 35 Isoferroplatinum; 40 Ferronickelplatinum, 40 Tetraferroplatinum, 40 Tulameenite; 45 Hongshiite*, 45 Skaergaardite; 50 Yixunite, 55 Damiaoite, 60 Niggliite, 65 Bortnikovite, 70 Nielsenite
- 01.B Metallic Carbides, Silicides, Nitrides and Phosphides
- 01.BA Carbides: 05 Cohenite; 10 Isovite, 10 Haxonite; 15 Tongbaite; 20 Khamrabaevite, 20 Niobocarbide, 20 Tantalcarbide; 25 Qusongite, 30 Yarlongite
- 01.BB Silicides: Zangboite; 05 Mavlyanovite, 05 Suessite; 10 Perryite, 15 Fersilicite*, 20 Ferdisilicite*, 25 Luobusaite, 30 Gupeiite, 35 Hapkeite, 40 Xifengite
- 01.BC Nitrides: 05 Roaldite, 10 Siderazot, 15 Carlsbergite, 15 Osbornite
- 01.BD Phosphides: 05 Schreibersite, 05 Nickelphosphide; 10 Barringerite, 10 Monipite; 15 Allabogdanite, 15 Florenskyite, 15 Andreyivanovite; 20 Melliniite
- 01.C Metalloids and Nonmetals
- 01.CA Arsenic group elements: 05 Bismuth, 05 Antimony, 05 Arsenic, 05 Stibarsen; 10 Arsenolamprite, 10 Pararsenolamprite; 15 Paradocrasite
- 01.CB Carbon-silicon family: 05a Graphite, 05b Chaoite, 05c Fullerite; 10a Diamond, 10b Lonsdaleite, 15 Silicon
- 01.CC Sulfur-selenium-iodine: 05 Sulfur, 05 Rosickyite; 10 Tellurium, 10 Selenium
- 01.D Nonmetallic Carbides and Nitrides
- 01.DA Nonmetallic carbides: 05 Moissanite
- 01.DB Nonmetallic nitrides: 05 Nierite, 10 Sinoite
- 01.X Unclassified Strunz Elements (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
- 01.XX Unknown: 00 Hexamolybdenum, 00 Tantalum*, 00 Brownleeite
See also
References
- Stuart J. Mills; Frédéric Hatert; Ernest H. Nickel; Giovanni Ferraris (2009). "The standardisation of mineral group hierarchies: application to recent nomenclature proposals". Eur. J. Mineral. 21: 1073–1080. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0021-1994. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/Mills et al 2009 Groups EJM October.pdf.
- Nickel, Ernest H.; Nichols, Monte C. (March 2009). "IMA-CNMNC List of Mineral Names". IMA-CNMNC. http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/IMA2009-01 UPDATE 160309.pdf.
- Ferraiolo, Jim. "Nickel–Strunz (Version 10) Classification System". webmineral.com. http://webmineral.com/strunz/strunz.php.
- Mineralsystematik nach Strunz 9. Auflage von 2001 (aktuell)
- Hr. Dr. Udo Neumann der Uni-Tuebingen (Systematik der Minerale)
white;">IMA–CNMNC / Nickel–Strunz IDs Mineral categories (classes, subclasses, divisions) |
|---|
"Special cases" ("native elements and organic minerals") |
- "Native elements" (IDs 1)
- Organic minerals (IDs 10)
|
|---|
| "Sulfides and oxides" |
- Sulfides (IDs 2.A–F)
- Sulfosalts; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites (IDs 2.G)
- Sulfosalts; sulfarsenates, sulfantimonates (IDs 2.K)
- Other sulfosalts (IDs 2.H–J and 2.L–M)
- Oxides (IDs 4.A–E, e.g. pyrochlore supergroup and corundum group)
- Hydroxides (IDs 4.F–G)
- "Arsenites", "sulfites" and iodates (IDs 4.J–K)
- Tellurium oxysalts
- Vanadium oxides (IDs 4.H)
|
|---|
| "Evaporites and similars" |
- Carbonates (IDs 5.A–E)
- Nitrates (IDs 5.N)
- Borates (IDs 6)
- Halides (IDs 3)
|
|---|
"Mineral structures with tetrahedral units" (sulfate anion, phosphate anion, silicon, etc.) |
- Monomeric minerals (similar to nesosilicates)
- Sulfates (IDs 7.A–E)
- Thiosulphates (IDs 7.J)
- Chromates (IDs 7.F)
- Molybdates, wolframates, niobates (IDs 7.G–H)
- Phosphates (IDs 8)
- Arsenates, vanadates (IDs 8)
- Monomeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A)
- Germanates (IDs 9.J)
- Silicate frameworks, tectosilicates
- Zeolite frameworks, zeolite family (IDs 9.G)
- Other zeolitic frameworks: nephelines (IDs 9.FA.05)
- Cancrinite-sodalite groups (IDs 9.FB.)
- Other tectosilicates (IDs 9.FA. and 9.FB.15, e.g. feldspars)
- Other silicate frameworks
- Cyclosilicates (IDs 9.C)
- Phyllosilicates (IDs 9.E, e.g. clays)
- Silica family (IDs 4.DA.)
- Single chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. pyroxenes)
- Ribbon or multiple chain inosilicates (IDs 9.D, e.g. amphiboles)
- Other non monomeric minerals
- Unclassified silicates (IDs 9.H)
- Sorosilicates (IDs 9.B, e.g. epidote and seidozerite supergroups)
- Polymeric, isolated silicates (IDs 9.A, e.g. olivine and gadolinite supergroups)
- Other inorganic polymers (e.g. polyoxometalates; "polyphosphates", IDs 8.F)
|
|---|