Tarvos (Moon)

Tarvos
	Animation of discovery images taken by the CFHT in September 2000
Discovery
Discovered by	B. J. Gladman et al.
Discovery date	September 23, 2000
Designations
Designation	Saturn XXI
Pronunciation	/ˈtɑːrvɒs/
Named after	Tarvos Trigaranus
Alternative names	S/2000 S 4
Adjectives	Tarvian
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 2000 Feb. 26.00
Semi-major axis	17.983 Gm
Eccentricity	0.5305
Orbital period	926.2 d ; (2.63 yr)
Inclination	33.825
Satellite of	Saturn
Group	Gallic group
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	15+50%; −30% km
Rotation period	10.691±0.001 h
Albedo	0.04 assumed
Spectral type	light red; B−V=0.0.77, R−V=0.57

Short description: Moon of Saturn

Tarvos /ˈtɑːrvɒs/, or Saturn XXI, is a prograde irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by John J. Kavelaars et al. on September 23, 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 S 4. The name, given in August 2003, is after Tarvos, a deity depicted as a bull god carrying three cranes alongside its back from Gaulish mythology.^[8]

Orbit

Discovery images of Tarvos (circled) taken by the CFHT

Tarvos orbits Saturn at an average distance of 18 million km in 926 days and is about 15 km in diameter (assuming an albedo of 0.04). It has a high orbital eccentricity of 0.53.^[4]

It is a member of the Gallic group of irregular satellites.

Origin

With a similar orbit and displaying a similar light-red colour, Tarvos is thought to have its origin in the break-up of a common progenitor^[7]^[9] or to be a fragment of Albiorix.^[10]

References

↑ MPEC 2000-Y14: S/2000 S 3, S/2000 S 4, S/2000 S 5, S/2000 S 6, S/2000 S 10 December 19, 2000 (discovery and ephemeris)
↑ Discovery Circumstances (JPL)
↑ Per the diminutive Tarvillus in Daniel Davis (2001) The Development of Celtic Linguistics, 1850-1900, p. 162
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Jacobson, R.A. (2007) SAT270, SAT271 (2007-06-28). "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". JPL/NASA. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem#saturn.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Denk, T.; Mottola, S. (2019). "Cassini Observations of Saturn's Irregular Moons". 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2019/pdf/2654.pdf.
↑ Scott Sheppard. "Saturn's Known Satellites". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/satsatdata.html.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Grav, Tommy; Holman, Matthew J.; Gladman, Brett J.; Aksnes, Kaare; Photometric survey of the irregular satellites, Icarus, 166 (2003), pp. 33–45
↑ IAUC 8177: Satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus August 8, 2003 (naming the moon)
↑ Gladman, B. J.; Nicholson, P. D.; Burns, J. A.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Marsden, B. G.; Holman, M. J.; Grav, T.; Hergenrother, C. W.; Petit, J.-M.; Jacobson, R. A.; and Gray, W. J.; Discovery of 12 satellites of Saturn exhibiting orbital clustering, Nature, 412 (July 12, 2001), pp. 163–166
↑ Grav, Tommy; and Bauer, J.; A deeper look at the colors of Saturnian irregular satellites

Ephemeris IAU-MPC NSES

External links

Saturn's Known Satellites (by Scott S. Sheppard)

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[1] MPEC 2000-Y14: S/2000 S 3, S/2000 S 4, S/2000 S 5, S/2000 S 6, S/2000 S 10 December 19, 2000 (discovery and ephemeris)

[Discoverers_JPL-2] Discovery Circumstances (JPL)

[3] Per the diminutive Tarvillus in Daniel Davis (2001) The Development of Celtic Linguistics, 1850-1900, p. 162

[JPL-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Jacobson, R.A. (2007) SAT270, SAT271 (2007-06-28). "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". JPL/NASA. http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem#saturn.

[LPSC2654-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Denk, T.; Mottola, S. (2019). "Cassini Observations of Saturn's Irregular Moons". 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2019/pdf/2654.pdf.

[Sheppard-6] Scott Sheppard. "Saturn's Known Satellites". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/satsatdata.html.

[Grav2003-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Grav, Tommy; Holman, Matthew J.; Gladman, Brett J.; Aksnes, Kaare; Photometric survey of the irregular satellites, Icarus, 166 (2003), pp. 33–45

[8] IAUC 8177: Satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus August 8, 2003 (naming the moon)

[Gladman2001-9] Gladman, B. J.; Nicholson, P. D.; Burns, J. A.; Kavelaars, J. J.; Marsden, B. G.; Holman, M. J.; Grav, T.; Hergenrother, C. W.; Petit, J.-M.; Jacobson, R. A.; and Gray, W. J.; Discovery of 12 satellites of Saturn exhibiting orbital clustering, Nature, 412 (July 12, 2001), pp. 163–166

[Grav2006-10] Grav, Tommy; and Bauer, J.; A deeper look at the colors of Saturnian irregular satellites

v t e Moons of Saturn
Listed in approximately increasing distance from Saturn.
Ring shepherds	S/2009 S 1 Ring moonlets Pan Daphnis Atlas Prometheus Pandora
Co-orbitals	Epimetheus Janus
G Ring	Aegaeon
Alkyonides	Methone Anthe Pallene
Inner large (with trojans)	Mimas Enceladus Tethys Telesto Calypso Dione Helene Polydeuces
Outer large	Rhea Titan Hyperion Iapetus
Inuit group	Kiviuq Ijiraq Paaliaq S/2004 S 29 S/2004 S 31 Siarnaq Tarqeq
Norse group	Phoebe Skathi S/2004 S 37 S/2007 S 2 Skoll S/2004 S 13(?) Greip Hyrrokkin Jarnsaxa Mundilfari S/2006 S 1 S/2004 S 17(?) Bergelmir Narvi S/2004 S 20 Suttungr Hati S/2004 S 12(?) S/2004 S 27 Farbauti Thrymr S/2004 S 30 Aegir S/2007 S 3(?) Bestla S/2004 S 7(?) S/2004 S 22(?) S/2004 S 23(?) S/2004 S 25(?) S/2004 S 32(?) S/2006 S 3 S/2004 S 38(?) Fenrir S/2004 S 28(?) Surtur Kari S/2004 S 35(?) Ymir S/2004 S 21(?) Loge S/2004 S 36(?) S/2004 S 39(?) S/2004 S 33(?) S/2004 S 34(?) Fornjot S/2004 S 26(?)
Gallic group	Albiorix Bebhionn Erriapus Tarvos
Prograde outer satellites	S/2004 S 24
Rings of Saturn Cassini–Huygens Themis Chiron S/2004 S 6 S/2004 S 4 S/2004 S 3 In fiction

v t e Saturn
Outline of Saturn
Geography	Dragon Storm Great White Spot Hexagon Magnetosphere Rings
Moons	S/2009 S 1 Ring moonlets Pan Daphnis Atlas Prometheus S/2004 S 6 S/2004 S 4 S/2004 S 3 Pandora Epimetheus Janus Aegaeon Mimas Methone Anthe Pallene Enceladus Tethys Telesto Calypso Dione Helene Polydeuces Rhea Titan Hyperion Iapetus Kiviuq Ijiraq Phoebe Paaliaq Skathi S/2004 S 37 Albiorix S/2007 S 2 S/2004 S 29 Bebhionn Erriapus Skoll S/2004 S 31 Siarnaq Tarqeq S/2004 S 13 Greip Hyrrokkin Jarnsaxa Tarvos Mundilfari S/2006 S 1 S/2004 S 17 Bergelmir Narvi S/2004 S 20 Suttungr Hati S/2004 S 12 S/2004 S 27 Farbauti Thrymr S/2004 S 30 Aegir S/2007 S 3 Bestla S/2004 S 7 S/2004 S 22 S/2004 S 23 S/2004 S 25 S/2004 S 32 S/2006 S 3 S/2004 S 38 Fenrir S/2004 S 28 Surtur Kari S/2004 S 35 Ymir S/2004 S 21 S/2004 S 24 Loge S/2004 S 36 S/2004 S 39 S/2004 S 33 S/2004 S 34 Fornjot S/2004 S 26
Astronomy	Delta Octantis Saturn-crossing minor planets
Exploration	Cassini–Huygens (Huygens) timeline retirement Pioneer 11 Voyager program Voyager 1 Voyager 2
Related	Fiction Moons The Day the Earth Smiled In Saturn's Rings (2018 documentary)

Discovery^[2]
Animation of discovery images taken by the CFHT in September 2000
Discovered by	B. J. Gladman et al.^[1]
Discovery date	September 23, 2000
Designations
Designation	Saturn XXI
Pronunciation	/ˈtɑːrvɒs/
Named after	Tarvos Trigaranus
Alternative names	S/2000 S 4
Adjectives	Tarvian^[3]
Orbital characteristics^[4]
Epoch 2000 Feb. 26.00
Semi-major axis	17.983 Gm
Eccentricity	0.5305^[4]
Orbital period	926.2 d (2.63 yr)
Inclination	33.825
Satellite of	Saturn
Group	Gallic group
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	15+50% −30% km^[5]
Rotation period	10.691±0.001 h^[5]
Albedo	0.04^[6] assumed
Spectral type	light red B−V=0.0.77, R−V=0.57^[7]