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  1. List of NP-complete problems: This is a list of some of the more commonly known problems that are NP-complete when expressed as decision problems. As there are hundreds of such problems known, this list is in no way comprehensive. (none) [100%] 2022-08-20 [Mathematics-related lists] [NP-complete problems]...

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  1. Problems (album): Problems is the sixth studio album by American rock band The Get Up Kids, their first full-length with Polyvinyl Records. It is their final release to feature keyboardist James Dewees before his departure in 2019. (Album) [100%] 2024-01-09 [2019 albums] [The Get Up Kids albums]...
  2. Problema: Problema (лат.) — олиготипический род чешуекрылых насекомых семейства бабочек-толстоголовок (Hesperiidae). Впервые выделен лепидоптеристами Скиннером и Уильямсом в 1924 году. [87%] 2024-01-02
  3. Problem (canción de Ariana Grande): «Problem» es una canción interpretada por la cantante, Actriz y compositora estadounidense Ariana Grande, lanzada a la venta el 28 de abril de 2014 por Republic Records, y cuenta con la colaboración de la Rapera australiana Iggy Azalea y la ... (Canción de Ariana Grande) [85%] 2024-01-07
  4. Problem (horse): Problem (foaled 1823) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the classic 1000 Guineas at Newmarket in 1826. After winning the classic on her first appearance on a racecourse, Problem was beaten on her next five starts before ... (Horse) [85%] 2024-01-09 [1823 racehorse births] [Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom]...
  5. Probles: Probles is a genus of ichneumonid wasp of the subfamily Tersilochinae. It has a widespread distribution. (Genus of wasps) [85%] 2024-01-08 [Ichneumonidae genera] [Ichneumonidae]...
  6. Problem (Ariana Grande song): "Problem" is a song by American singer Ariana Grande, featuring Australian rapper Iggy Azalea. It was released by Republic Records on April 28, 2014 as the lead single from Grande's second studio album, My Everything (2014). (Ariana Grande song) [85%] 2024-03-28 [Ariana Grande songs] [Iggy Azalea songs]...
  7. Problem: Ein Problem (altgriechisch πρόβλημα próblema, „Vorsprung, Klippe, Hindernis; das, was [zur Lösung] vorgelegt wurde“) entsteht in einer Situation, in der ein oder mehrere Ziele erreicht werden müssen, wobei nicht unmittelbar sicher ist, welche Maßnahmen ergriffen oder welche Mittel eingesetzt werden müssen ... [85%] 2025-07-31
  8. Problème: Un problème, dans son acception la plus courante, est une situation dans laquelle un obstacle empêche de progresser, d'avancer ou de réaliser ce que l'on voulait faire. Un problème naît lorsqu'il y a une différence entre l ... [75%] 2024-12-06
  9. Prokles (Epidauros): Prokles (altgriechisch Προκλῆς = Herausforderer) war ein Tyrann von Epidauros. Es wird vermutet, dass er in der zweiten Hälfte des 7. (Epidauros) [71%] 2024-01-08
  10. Millennium problems: Millennium problems are seven unsolved problems in mathematics identified around the year 2000 by the Clay Mathematics Institute as the most significant challenges known to modern mathematics. The problems were selected by the Clay Mathematics Institute which offered a million ... [70%] 2023-02-20 [Mathematics]
  11. Simon problems: In mathematics, the Simon problems (or Simon's problems) are a series of fifteen questions posed in the year 2000 by Barry Simon, an American mathematical physicist. Inspired by other collections of mathematical problems and open conjectures, such as the ... (Fifteen problems in mathematical physic) [70%] 2023-12-13 [unsolved problems in mathematics] [Unsolved problems in physics]...
  12. Simon problems: In mathematics, the Simon problems (or Simon's problems) are a series of fifteen questions posed in the year 2000 by Barry Simon, an American mathematical physicist. Inspired by other collections of mathematical problems and open conjectures, such as the ... [70%] 2024-01-08 [Unsolved problems in physics] [Mathematical physics]...
  13. Peter Problems: "Peter Problems" is the ninth episode of the twelfth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the 219th episode overall. It aired on Fox in the United States on January 5, 2014, and is directed by Bob Bowen ... [70%] 2023-12-29 [Family Guy (season 12) episodes] [2014 American television episodes]...
  14. Social problems: The following are learning resources related to social problems. Attempting to work towards solving problems in living can be a to try and reduce the undesirable impact of social problems. [70%] 2024-01-04 [Social psychology] [Social research]...
  15. Environmental problems: Environmental problems affecting the earth's population include pollution, epidemics and depletion of natural resources. Many environmentalists consider global warming the top issue, though this is disputed" (by many scientists, hence liberals changed the name to climate change.) "It is ... [70%] 2023-02-18 [Environment] [Natural Disasters]...
  16. 99 Problems: "99 Problems" is the third single released by American rapper Jay-Z in 2004 from The Black Album. It was released on April 27, 2004. [70%] 2023-12-20 [2004 songs] [2004 singles]...
  17. Champagne Problems (Nick Jonas song): "Champagne Problems" is a song recorded by American singer Nick Jonas from his third studio album, Last Year Was Complicated. It was released on April 8, 2016, by Island, Safehouse and Republic Records as the album's first promotional single. (Nick Jonas song) [70%] 2023-12-25 [2016 singles] [2016 songs]...
  18. Cousin problems: Problems named after P. Cousin , who first solved them for certain simple domains in the complex $ n $- dimensional space $ \mathbf C ^ {n} $. (Mathematics) [70%] 2023-10-17
  19. Hilbert problems: At the 1900 International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris, D. Hilbert presented a list of open problems. (Mathematics) [70%] 2023-11-02
  20. Steklov problems: in the theory of orthogonal polynomials Problems in which the asymptotic properties of orthogonal polynomials are studied in dependence on the properties and, particularly, on the singularities, of the weight function and the domain of orthogonality. In the study of ... (Mathematics) [70%] 2023-11-02

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  1. NP-complete problems (Category) [Computational complexity theory] [Computational problems] ...
  2. List of NP-complete problems the more commonly known problems that are NP-complete when expressed as decision problems. As there are thousands of such problems known, this list is in...
  3. Karp's 21 NP-complete problems ... 21 NP-complete problems are a set of computational problems which are NP-complete. In his 1972 paper, "Reducibility Among C ...
  4. Karp's 21 NP-complete problems ... (Computing) [Mathematics-related lists] [NP-complete problems] Set of computational problems stated by Richard Karp (1973) ...
  5. NP-completeness ... NP-complete problems are the hardest of the problems to which solutions can be verified quickly. Somewhat more precisely ...
  6. Co-NP-complete computational problems that are co-NP-complete are those that are the hardest problems in co-NP, in the sense that any problem in co-NP can be reformulated...
  7. Moment problem One of the [[Interpolation|interpolation]] problems in the real or complex domain. ...ence of the continued fractions (3) and (4) generated by (6). The union of problems $ A $
  8. Complexity theory The classification of mathematical problems into decidable and undecidable ones is a most fundamental one. It is also o ...of decidable problems in terms of their complexity is discussed below. Two problems might both be decidable and yet one might be enormously more difficult to c
  9. Cook–Levin theorem states that the Boolean satisfiability problem is NP-complete. That is, it is in NP, and any problem in NP can be reduced in polynomial time by a deterministic...
  10. Cryptology ...annot even exist a public-key cryptosystem whose cryptanalytical task is [[NP-complete]]. ...]]. They showed the existence of such proofs for specific number-theoretic problems such as being a [[Quadratic residue|quadratic residue]] or not. Under crypt
  11. Integer programming ...screte programming, discrete optimization.) Sources of integer programming problems are technology, economy and defense. ...n which the optimization proceeds (for example, the set of permutations in problems of ordering); and c) the presence of logical conditions, which by holding o
  12. Halin graph ...suffices to guarantee linear-time algorithms for many otherwise hard graph problems when instances are confined to Halin graphs (e.g. vertex cover, dominating ...neration of linear-time algorithms from predicate calculus descriptions of problems on recursively constructed graph families" ''Algorithmica'' , '''7''' (19
  13. Tutte polynomial [[Statistical mechanics, mathematical problems in|Statistical mechanics]], network reliability and [[knot theory]]: Suppos <tr><td valign="top">[a12]</td> <td valign="top"> J.P.S. Kung, "Critical problems" J. Bonin (ed.) et al. (ed.) , ''Matroid Theory'' , ''Contemp. Math.'' ,
  14. NP ...ailable. Consequently, one is tempted to give at least a classification of problems in terms of statements like: one problem is at least as hard to solve as an ...a problem instance. Of particular importance is the class $\mathcal{P}$ of problems solvable in polynomial time. A problem is in $\mathcal{P}$ if it can be dec
  15. Travelling salesman problem A generic name for a number of very different problems. For instance, suppose that a facility (a "machine" ) starting from an "i ...g "hard" (cf. also [[NP|$\mathcal{NP}$]]). Essentially, for this sort of problems, one does not presently (2000) know of any solution scheme which does not r
  16. LPT sequencing One of the fundamental problems in scheduling is to schedule $n$ independent jobs (tasks) non-pre-emptively
  17. Scheduling theory ...search]]) concerned with mathematical formulations and solution methods of problems of optimal ordering and coordination in time of certain operations. Schedul ...s that scheduling theory deals with are usually formulated as optimization problems for a process of processing a finite set of jobs in a system with limited r
  18. Horn clauses, theory of ...ere first introduced by J.C.C. McKinsey in 1943 in the context of decision problems. Their name, Horn clauses, alludes to a paper by A. Horn, who in 1951 was t ...imate language for building expert systems and for formulating and solving problems in artificial intelligence. This enthusiasm for Horn clause logic has been
  19. Gauss-Laplace distribution ...]]). Thus, in the theory of (observational) errors, developed by Gauss for problems in astronomy and theoretical geodesy, the probability density of random err
  20. Automata, equivalence of The fundamental concepts, problems and methods which arise in the study of the equivalence of finite automata
  21. Quantum Turing machine ...ring machine can be defined more or less canonically, several conceptional problems associated with it and concerning the notion of 'quantum computation' exist ...s still unknown whether a quantum Turing machine can solve ${\mathrm{NP}}$-problems in $\mathrm{BQP}$.
  22. Computers and Intractability appendix of the book featured problems for which it was not known whether they were NP-complete or in P (or neither). The problems (with their original names)...
  23. Computational complexity classes ...nt difficulty of computational problems. Attention is confined to decision problems, i.e., sets of binary strings, $S \subseteq \Sigma ^ {\color{blue} * }$, wh ...the complexity class $\operatorname {DTIME}[t(n)]$ is the set of decision problems that are computable by a deterministic, multi-tape Turing machine in $O ( t
  24. Information-based complexity ...del of computation. Continuous computational complexity studies continuous problems and tends to use the real number model; see [[#References|[a1]]], [[#Refere ...ons, optimization, and solution of non-linear equations. The input of such problems is usually a multivariate function on the real numbers, represented by an o
  25. Quantum computation, theory of ...antum systems, known to be tractable on a quantum computer, relates to the problems conventionally studied within classical computational complexity theory (cf ...n, most comparisons of the quantum and classical complexity of algorithmic problems use bounds on the efficiency of probabilistic algorithms.
  26. Euclidean travelling salesman ...sited (cf. also [[Classical combinatorial problems|Classical combinatorial problems]]). Each city $C_i$ is represented by a point $( x _ { i 1 } , \ldots , x _ ...d> <td valign="top"> S. Sahni, T. Gonzales, "P-complete approximation problems" ''J. Assoc. Comput. Mach.'' , '''23''' (1976) pp. 555–565</td></tr>
  27. Nondeterministic Turing machine ...ic and nondeterministic Turing machines. One of the most famous (unsolved) problems in this context is the question, whether the classes of functions calculate
  28. Parallel random access machine ...cessors matches the sequential complexity of the problem. Examples of such problems include parallel sorting algorithms running in $O(\log n)$ time using $O(n) ...P$ that are outside $\mathcal{NC}$, where $\mathcal P$ consists of all the problems that can be solved in polynomial sequential time (cf. also [[Complexity the
  29. Average-case computational complexity ...e, if the edge probability is not extremely small, the $\cal N P$-complete problems "3-colourability" and "Hamiltonian circuit" can easily be solved, simpl ...d yield efficient solutions for all other problems in this class. Complete problems capture the intrinsic complexity of a class.
  30. Algorithm, computational complexity of an ...ut of the set of bounds which defines the class. This branch also includes problems of comparative computational complexity for various types of algorithms (au ...or certain combinatorial problems which are formalized (in one variant) as problems of finding, out of all words of a given word length, those which satisfy a


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