From Ballotpedia

| SCOTUS |
|---|
|
| Cases by term |
| Judgeships |
| Posts: 9 |
| Judges: 9 |
| Judges |
| Chief: John Roberts |
| Active: Samuel Alito, Amy Coney Barrett, Neil Gorsuch, Ketanji Brown Jackson, Elena Kagan, Brett Kavanaugh, John Roberts, Sonia Sotomayor, Clarence Thomas |
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the country and leads the judicial branch of the federal government. It is often referred to by the acronym SCOTUS.[1]
The Supreme Court began hearing cases for the term on October 7, 2024. The court's yearly term begins on the first Monday in October and lasts until the first Monday in October the following year. The court generally releases the majority of its decisions in mid-June.[2]
See the sections below for additional information on the October 2024 Term of the Supreme Court of the United States.
As of January 30, 2025, the court has agreed to hear 64 cases during its 2024-2025 term.[3] The court has scheduled 50 cases for argument.
As of April 22, 2025, the court has issued 27 opinions this term. Four cases were decided without argument. Since 2007, SCOTUS has released opinions in 1,250 cases. Of those, it reversed a lower court decision 891 times (71 percent) while affirming a lower court decision 347 times (28 percent).
Article III, Section 2 of the United States Constitution establishes the court's jurisdiction. The court has original jurisdiction—when it is the first and only to hear a case—and appellate jurisdiction—when it reviews the decisions of lower courts.[4]
Parties petition SCOTUS to hear a case if they are not satisfied with a lower court's decision. The parties petition the court to grant a writ of certiorari. A writ of certiorari is an "order issued by the U.S. Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case it will hear on appeal."[4][5]
| List of cases by court of origination - 2024-2025 term | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Court | Number of cases | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 1st Circuit | 1 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 2nd Circuit | 5 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit | 2 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit | 7 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 5th Circuit | 13 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit | 4 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit | 2 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit | 2 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit | 6 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit | 5 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit | 4 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | 5 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | 3 | ||||||
| United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces | 0 | ||||||
| State and district courts | 5 | ||||||
| Original jurisdiction | 0 | ||||||
| Total | 64 | ||||||
| Source: Supreme Court of the United States, "Granted & noted cases list," accessed February 5, 2024 | |||||||
Select a region to learn more about its court of appeals.

SCOTUS' term is divided into sittings, when the justices hear cases.[8]
November 4, 2024
November 22, 2024
December 10, 2024
December 11, 2024
January 15, 2025
January 17, 2025
January 21, 2025
February 21, 2025
February 25, 2025
February 26, 2025
March 4, 2025
March 4, 2025
March 21, 2025
March 26, 2025
April 2, 2025
April 7, 2025
April 17, 2025
April 22, 2025
The 2024-2025 term of the Supreme Court of the United States began on October 7, 2024. Information will be added here as it becomes available.
| 2024-2025 SCOTUS term data | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Court of origination | Argument date | Date decided | Decision | Vote | Opinion author |
| Glossip v. Oklahoma | Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals | October 9, 2024 | February 25, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 5-3 | Sonia Sotomayor |
| Williams v. Reed | Alabama Supreme Court | October 7, 2024 | February 21, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 5-4 | Brett Kavanaugh |
| Bondi v. VanDerStok | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | October 8, 2024 | March 26, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 7-2 | Neil Gorsuch |
| Lackey v. Stinnie | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | October 8, 2024 | February 25, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 7-2 | Chief Justice John Roberts |
| Medical Marijuana, Inc. v. Horn | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | October 15, 2024 | April 2, 2025 | affirmed and remanded | 5-4 | Amy Coney Barrett |
| Royal Canin U.S.A., Inc. v. Wullschleger | United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit | October 7, 2024 | January 15, 2025 | affirmed | 9-0 | Elena Kagan |
| Bouarfa v. Mayorkas | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | October 15, 2024 | December 10, 2024 | affirmed | 9-0 | Ketanji Brown Jackson |
| Bufkin v. Collins | United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | October 16, 2024 | March 5, 2025 | affirmed | 7-2 | Clarence Thomas]] |
| City and County of San Francisco v. Environmental Protection Agency | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | October 16, 2024 | March 4, 2025 | reversed | 5-4 | Samuel Alito |
| Delligatti v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | November 12, 2024 | March 21, 2025 | affirmed | 7-2 | Clarence Thomas |
| Facebook, Inc. v. Amalgamated Bank | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | November 6, 2024 | November 22, 2024 | dismissed as improvidently granted | N/A | Per curiam |
| Advocate Christ Medical Center v. Kennedy | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | November 5, 2024 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| NVIDIA Corp. v. E. Ohman J:or Fonder AB | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | November 13, 2024 | December 11, 2024 | dismissed as improvidently granted | N/A | Per curiam |
| E.M.D. Sales, Inc. v. Carrera | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | November 5, 2024 | January 15, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 9-0 | Brett Kavanaugh |
| Kousisis v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit | December 9, 2024 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Wisconsin Bell, Inc. v. United States, ex rel. Todd Heath | United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit | November 4, 2024 | February 21, 2024 | affirmed and remanded | 9-0 | Elena Kagan |
| Feliciano v. Department of Transportation | United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | December 9, 2024 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Seven County Infrastructure Coalition v. Eagle County, Colorado | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | December 10, 2024 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Republic of Hungary v. Simon (2024) | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | December 3, 2024 | February 21, 2025 | vacated and remanded | 9-0 | Sonia Sotomayor |
| Stanley v. City of Sanford, Florida | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | January 13, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| United States v. Miller | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | December 2, 2024 | March 26, 2025 | remanded | 8-1 | Ketanji Brown Jackson |
| United States v. Skrmetti | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | December 4, 2024 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Dewberry Group, Inc. v. Dewberry Engineers, Inc. | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | December 11, 2024 | February 26, 2025 | vacated and remanded | 9-0 | Elena Kagan |
| Velazquez v. Bondi | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | November 12, 2024 | April 22, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 5-4 | Neil Gorsuch |
| Hewitt v. United States (consolidated with Duffey v. United States) | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | January 13, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Paxton | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | January 15, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Food and Drug Administration v. Wages and White Lion Investments, LLC | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | December 2, 2024 | April 2, 2025 | vacated and remanded | 9-0 | Samuel Alito |
| Smith & Wesson Brands v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos | United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit | March 4, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Cunningham v. Cornell University | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | January 22, 2025 | April 17, 2025 | reversed | 9-0 | Sonia Sotomayor |
| BLOM Bank SAL v. Honickman | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | March 3, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| FDA v. R.J. Reynolds Vapor Co. | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | January 21, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Barnes v. Felix | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | January 22, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Nuclear Regulatory Commission v. Texas (Consolidated with Interim Storage Partners v. Texas) | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | March 5, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Gutierrez v. Saenz | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | February 24, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Ames v. Ohio Department of Youth Services | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | February 26, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Perttu v. Richards | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | February 25, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Thompson v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit | January 14, 2025 | March 21, 2025 | vacated and remanded | 9-0 | Chief Justice John Roberts |
| CC/Devas (Mauritius) Limited v. Antrix Corp. Ltd. (Consolidated with Devas Multimedia Private Ltd. v. Antrix Corp.) | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | March 3, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| McLaughlin Chiropractic Associates v. McKesson Corp. | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | January 21, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Waetzig v. Halliburton Energy Services | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | January 14, 2025 | February 26, 2025 | reversed and remanded | 9-0 | Samuel Alito |
| Environmental Protection Agency v. Calumet Shreveport Refining, LLC | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | March 25, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Esteras v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | February 25, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Oklahoma v. Environmental Protection Agency (Consolidated with Pacificorp v. Environmental Protection Agency) | United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit | March 25, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Hamm v. Smith | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | N/A | November 4, 2024 | vacated and remanded | N/A | Per curiam |
| Riley v. Garland | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | March 24, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Louisiana v. Callais (Consolidated with Robinson v. Callais) | United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana | March 24, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Federal Communications Commission v. Consumers’ Research (Consolidated with Schools, Health & Libraries Broadband Coalition v. Consumers’ Research) | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | March 26, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Rivers v. Guerrero | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | March 31, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Fuld v. Palestine Liberation Organization (Consolidated with United States v. Palestine Liberation Organization) | United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit | April 1, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| TikTok, Inc. v. Garland (Consolidated with Firebaugh v. Garland) | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | January 10, 2025 | January 17, 2025 | affirmed | 9-0 | Per curiam |
| Medina v. Planned Parenthood South Atlantic[12] | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | April 2, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Diamond Alternative Energy LLC v. Environmental Protection Agency | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | April 23, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Catholic Charities Bureau, Inc. v. Wisconsin Labor & Industry Review Commission | Supreme Court of Wisconsin | March 31, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Zuch | United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit | April 22, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Kennedy v. Braidwood Management, Inc. | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | April 21, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Department of Education v. Career Colleges and Schools of Texas | United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Andrew v. White | United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit | N/A | January 21, 2025 | vacated and remanded | N/A | Per curiam |
| A.J.T. v. Osseo Area Schools, Independent School District No. 279 | United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit | April 28, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Parrish v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | April 21, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Mahmoud v. Taylor | United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | April 22, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Soto v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit | April 28, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Oklahoma Statewide Charter School Board v. Drummond (consolidated with St. Isidore of Seville Catholic Virtual School v. Drummond) | Oklahoma Supreme Court | April 30, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings v. Davis | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | April 29, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Martin v. United States | United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | April 29, 2025 | TBD | TBD | TBD | TBD |
| Trump v. J.G.G. | United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit | N/A | April 7, 2025 | vacate | N/A | Per curiam |
| Department of Education v. California | United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit | N/A | April 4, 2025 | SCOTUS placed a stay on the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts's temporary restraining order. | N/A | Per curiam |
The Washington University in St. Louis Law School (WashU Law) maintains a database of Supreme Court cases. In its database, a case is considered to have formally altered existing Court precedent if at least one of the following applies to the case:[13]
The following table details for each term of The Roberts Court how many and which cases were found to formally alter precedent:[14]
| SCOTUS precedent alteration during the Roberts Court | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Court term | # of cases altering precedent | % of cases altering precedent | List of cases altering precedent |
| 2023-2024 | 1 of 62 | 1.6% | Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo |
| 2022-2023 | 1 of 62 | 1.6% | Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President & Fellows of Harvard |
| 2021-2022 | 3 of 69 | 4.3% | Shinn v. Ramirez / Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization / Kennedy v. Bremerton School District |
| 2020-2021 | 1 of 74 | 1.4% | Edwards v. Vannoy |
| 2019-2020 | 1 of 74 | 1.4% | Ramos v. Louisiana |
| 2018-2019 | 4 of 78 | 5.1% | Knick v. Township of Scott, Pennsylvania / Herrera v. Wyoming / Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt / Rucho v. Common Cause |
| 2017-2018 | 3 of 79 | 3.8% | Trump v. Hawaii / South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. / Janus v. AFSCME |
| 2016-2017 | 0 of 81 | 0.0% | N/A |
| 2015-2016 | 1 of 84 | 1.2% | Hurst v. Florida |
| 2014-2015 | 2 of 79 | 2.5% | Johnson v. United States / Obergefell v. Hodges |
| 2013-2014 | 0 of 75 | 0.0% | N/A |
| 2012-2013 | 1 of 79 | 1.3% | Allen v. United States |
| 2011-2012 | 0 of 80 | 0.0% | N/A |
| 2010-2011 | 1 of 86 | 1.2% | Bond v. United States |
| 2009-2010 | 2 of 94 | 2.1% | McDonald v. Chicago / Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission |
| 2008-2009 | 2 of 83 | 2.4% | Jesse Jay Montejo v. Louisiana / Cordell Pearson, et al. v. Afton Callahan |
| 2007-2008 | 0 of 74 | 0.0% | N/A |
| 2006-2007 | 5 of 75 | 6.7% | Alberto R. Gonzales, Attorney General v. Leroy Carhart, et al. / Bell Atlantic Corporation, et al. v. William Twombly, et al. / Keith Bowles v. Harry Russell, Warden / Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School Dist. No. 1 / Leegin Creative Leather Products, Inc. v. PSKS, Inc. |
| 2005-2006 | 2 of 87 | 2.3% | Illinois Tool Works Inc., et al. v. Independent Ink, Inc. / Central Virginia Community College, et al. v. Bernard Katz |
Note that the WashU Law database does not state how many precedents were overturned with each decision. As such, a case listed as altering a precedent may have affected multiple precedents.
Additionally, if the Court only distinguished a precedent, it was not classified as a precedent-altering case. Distinguishing a precedent involves clarifying a previous precedent rather than changing it.[13]
From 2007 to the most recently completed term, the Supreme Court of the United States released opinions in 1,250 cases, averaging 73.5 cases per year. During that period, the Supreme Court reversed a lower court decision 891 times (71.3 percent) and affirmed a lower court decision 347 times (27.8 percent). The vast majority of cases heard by the high court originate in a lower court, such as the 13 appellate circuit courts, state-level courts, and federal district courts. Between 2007 and 2023, the high court decided more cases originating from the Ninth Circuit (243) than from any other circuit.
For more historical term data, click here.
| Judge | Born | Home | Appointed by | Active | Preceeded | Law school | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Associate justice Samuel Alito | April 1, 1950 | Trenton, N.J. | W. Bush | January 31, 2006 - Present | Sandra Day O'Connor | Yale Law School, 1975 |
![]() | Chief justice John Roberts | January 27, 1955 | Buffalo, N.Y. | W. Bush | September 29, 2005 - Present | William Rehnquist | Harvard Law, 1979 |
![]() | Associate justice Clarence Thomas | June 23, 1948 | Savannah, Ga. | H.W. Bush | July 1, 1991 - Present | Thurgood Marshall | Yale Law School, 1974 |
![]() | Associate justice Elena Kagan | April 28, 1960 | New York, N.Y. | Obama | August 7, 2010 - Present | John Paul Stevens | Harvard Law School, J.D., 1986 |
![]() | Associate justice Sonia Sotomayor | June 25, 1954 | New York, N.Y. | Obama | August 6, 2009 - Present | David Souter | Yale Law School, 1979 |
![]() | Associate justice Neil Gorsuch | August 29, 1967 | Denver, Colo. | Trump | April 10, 2017 - Present | Antonin Scalia | Harvard Law School, 1991 |
![]() | Associate justice Brett Kavanaugh | February 12, 1965 | Washington, D.C. | Trump | October 6, 2018 - Present | Anthony Kennedy | Yale Law School, 1990 |
![]() | Associate justice Amy Coney Barrett | 1972 | New Orleans, La. | Trump | October 26, 2020 - Present | Ruth Bader Ginsburg | Notre Dame Law School, 1997 |
![]() | Associate justice Ketanji Brown Jackson | September 14, 1970 | Washington, D.C. | Biden | June 30, 2022 - Present | Stephen Breyer | Harvard Law School, 1996 |
In the 2023-2024 term, SCOTUS agreed to consider 62 cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2022-2023 term, SCOTUS agreed to consider 60 cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2021-2022 term, SCOTUS agreed to consider 68 cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2020-2021 term, SCOTUS agreed to consider 62 cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2019-2020 term, the court agreed to consider 74 cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2018-2019 term, SCOTUS agreed to consider 75 cases. The court heard oral argument in 72 cases and decided three cases without argument. Click here for more information.
In the 2017-2018 term, SCOTUS agreed to hear 71 cases. Ultimately, the justices heard argument in 69 of those cases. Click here for more information.
In the 2016-2017 term, SCOTUS agreed to hear 71 cases. Click here for more information.
The court delivered 61 opinions.
The court delivered eight per curiam opinions.
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