Tenth Amendment

The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution states:

The First Congress proposed the Tenth Amendment as a part of the Bill of Rights. The Tenth Amendment is similar to an earlier provision of the Articles of Confederation: "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled."^[1] The Tenth Amendment differs from this provision by omitting the word "expressly" and including the phrase "or to the people." Because of this, the Supreme Court has interpreted the Tenth Amendment as not overriding the "necessary and proper" clause to give the federal government a certain amount of implicit powers.

With the rise of big government, the centralization of the federal government, and the growing power of federal courts, the Tenth Amendment has become increasingly ignored. Many conservative organizations, such as the Tenth Amendment Center, continue supporting enforcing the Tenth Amendment.

See also[edit]

• States' rights
• Federalism
• Subsidiarity
• Self-governance
• Tenther movement

Bibliography and further reading[edit]

• Kilpatrick, James J., The Sovereign States: Notes of a Citizen of Virginia. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, (1957); Conservative pro-states' rights book

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• Tenth Amendment Center
• Exploring Constitutional
• Missouri Sovereignty Project "Institutionalizing" the 10th Amendment into the populace and political fabrics of Missouri.
• States' Rights in Encyclopedia Virginia
• A copy of transcript of Florida's 1957 Interposition Resolution, made available for public use by the State Archives of Florida

Amendments to the Constitution of the United States of America

Bill of Rights:
1 - Freedom of speech, press, religion, etc.
2 - Right to bear arms
3 - Quartering of soldiers
4 - Warrants
5 - Due process
6 - Right to a speedy trial
7 - Right by trial of a jury
8 - No cruel or unusual punishments
9 - Unenumerated rights
10 - Power to the people and states

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11 - Immunity of states to foreign suits
12 - Revision of presidential election procedures
13 - Abolition of slavery
14 - Citizenship
15 - Racial suffrage
16 - Federal income tax
17 - Direct election of the United States Senate
18 - Prohibition of alcohol
19 - Women's suffrage
20 - Terms of the presidency
21 - Repeal of Eighteenth Amendment
22 - Limits the president to two terms
23 - District of Columbia Voting for President
24 - Prohibition of poll taxes
25 - Presidential disabilities
26 - Voting age lowered to 18
27 - Variance of congressional compensation