List Of Psychoactive Plants, Fungi, And Animals

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Selected phylogeny
Selected phylogeny

This is a list of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals.

Plants

Main pages: List of psychoactive plants and Psychoactive plantPsychoactive plants include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
  • Cannabis: cannabinoids
  • Tobacco: nicotine and beta-carboline alkaloids
  • Coca: cocaine
  • Opium Poppy: morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, noscapine, and narceine
  • Salvia divinorum: salvinorin A
  • Khat: cathine and cathinone
  • Kava: kavalactones
  • Nutmeg: myristicin
  • Nightshade (Solanaceae) plants containing hyoscyamine, atropine, and scopolamine:
    • Datura
    • Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
    • Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
    • Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum)
    • Other Solanaceae
Peyote
Peyote
  • Psychoactive cacti, which contain mainly mescaline:
    • Peyote
    • Other Lophophora
    • Peruvian Torch cactus
    • San Pedro cactus
      • Trichocereus macrogonus var. macrogonus (syn. Echinopsis peruviana)
      • Trichocereus macrogonus var. pachanoi (syn. Echinopsis pachanoi)
    • Other Echinopsis
  • Mild stimulant and vasoconstrictor plants that contain mainly caffeine and theobromine:
    • Coffee
    • Tea (also contains theanine)
    • Guarana
    • Yerba Mate
    • Cocoa
    • Kola
Anadenanthera colubrina produces beans used for cebil
Anadenanthera colubrina produces beans used for cebil
Areca palms in Ponda, India
Areca palms in Ponda, India
  • Other plants:
    • Mimosa hostilis: DMT
    • Chacruna: DMT, NMT
    • Cebil and Yopo: DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenin
    • Mucuna pruriens
    • Morning glory species, notably Hawaiian Baby Woodrose: lysergic acid amide
    • Monotropa uniflora: Grayanotoxin (also found in Rhododendron pollen and Mad Honey)
    • Iboga: ibogaine, noribogaine, ibogamine, voacangine, 18-methoxycoronaridine
    • Ephedra: ephedrine
    • Acacia species
    • Damiana
    • Calea zacatechichi
    • Silene capensis
    • Valerian
    • Areca nut: arecaidine and arecoline
    • Kratom: mitragynine, mitraphylline, 7-hydroxymitragynine, raubasine, and corynantheidine
    • Rauvolfia serpentina: rauwolscine
    • Nymphaea caerulea (Egyptian lotus or blue lotus): apomorphine, nuciferine
    • Yohimbe: yohimbine
    • Kanna: mesembrine and mesembrenone
    • Glaucium flavum (yellow horned poppy, yellow hornpoppy or sea poppy): glaucine
    • California poppies: Protopine and Californidine

Fungi

  • Psilocybin mushrooms: psilocybin, psilocin, aeruginascin, baeocystin, and norbaeocystin
  • Amanita muscaria: ibotenic acid, muscimol, and muscarine
  • Dictyonema huaorani: psilocybin, DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT
  • Collybia maculata: collybolide[1]

Animals

Paramuricea clavata
P. clavata (violescent sea-whip)
  • Colorado River toad (Sonoran Desert toad or Bufo alvarius): 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin
  • Asiatic toad and certain tree frogs (Osteocephalus taurinus, Osteocephalus oophagus, and Osteocephalus langsdorfii): bufotenin
  • Tree frogs belonging to the genus Phyllomedusa, notably P. bicolor: opioid peptides, including deltorphin, deltorphin I, deltorphin II, and dermorphin
  • Hallucinogenic fish
  • Ocean life containing DMT analogs:
    • Smenospongia aurea: 5-Bromo-DMT[2][3]
    • Smenospongia echina: 5,6-Dibromo-DMT[2][3]
    • Verongula rigida: 5-Bromo-DMT, 5,6-Dibromo-DMT, et al.[2][3]
    • Eudistoma fragum: 5-Bromo-DMT[2]
    • Paramuricea clavata: DMT, NMT[2]
    • Villogorgia rubra: NMT[2]

See also

  • List of psychoactive substances and precursor chemicals derived from genetically modified organisms
  • List of psychoactive substances derived from artificial fungi biotransformation
  • List of substances used in rituals
  • Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record
  • List of plants used for smoking
  • Medicinal fungi

References

  1. ↑ Gupta, Achla; Gomes, Ivone; Bobeck, Erin N.; Fakira, Amanda K.; Massaro, Nicholas P.; Sharma, Indrajeet; Cavé, Adrien; Hamm, Heidi E. et al. (24 May 2016). "Collybolide is a novel biased agonist of κ-opioid receptors with potent antipruritic activity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113 (21): 6041–6046. doi:10.1073/pnas.1521825113. PMID 27162327. Bibcode: 2016PNAS..113.6041G. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Shulgin, Alexander (1997). TIHKAL: The Continuation. Transform Press. ISBN 9780963009692. https://books.google.com/books?id=jl_ik66IumUC. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Sea DMT". Vice Magazine. 2013-03-26. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/znqdve/sea-dmt-000481-v20n3. 



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